Liu, Y.; Huo, Y.; Zhu, L.; Jin, M.; Zhang, H.; Li, S.; Hua, W. Conical Emission Induced by the Filamentation of Femtosecond Vortex Beams in Water. Appl. Sci.2023, 13, 12435.
Liu, Y.; Huo, Y.; Zhu, L.; Jin, M.; Zhang, H.; Li, S.; Hua, W. Conical Emission Induced by the Filamentation of Femtosecond Vortex Beams in Water. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 12435.
Liu, Y.; Huo, Y.; Zhu, L.; Jin, M.; Zhang, H.; Li, S.; Hua, W. Conical Emission Induced by the Filamentation of Femtosecond Vortex Beams in Water. Appl. Sci.2023, 13, 12435.
Liu, Y.; Huo, Y.; Zhu, L.; Jin, M.; Zhang, H.; Li, S.; Hua, W. Conical Emission Induced by the Filamentation of Femtosecond Vortex Beams in Water. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 12435.
Abstract
Conical emission is a typical nonlinear phenomenon that occurs when the femtosecond laser pulses interact with transparent media. In this work, the conical emission induced by two kinds of typical vortex beams (i.e., Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) and Bessel-Gaussian (BG) beams) in water is experimentally studied. By recording the light spots of different wavelengths on the screen, the characteristics of the conical emission induced by femtosecond vortex beams are studied. It is found that the spots of the supercontinuum induced by the two kinds of vortex beams differ greatly from each other: The spots of the supercontinuum induced by the BG beam are a set of concentric rings like a rainbow with a white center, while the whit light spot in the case of the LG beam are a circular white disk, which is different from the commonly observed white light spots. By measuring the maximum divergence angle, it is observed that the divergence angle increases with the decrease of the wavelength, while the TC merely affects the divergence angle, which is explained from the formation mechanism of conical emission in terms of self-phase modulation. We hope this work can be helpful to the understanding of interaction between the intense laser pulses and matters.
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