Version 1
: Received: 25 September 2023 / Approved: 29 September 2023 / Online: 29 September 2023 (08:37:21 CEST)
How to cite:
Thakur, S.N.; Bhattacharjee, D.; Frederick, O. Photon Interactions in Gravity and Antigravity: Conservation, Dark Energy, and Redshift Effects. Preprints2023, 2023092086. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2086.v1
Thakur, S.N.; Bhattacharjee, D.; Frederick, O. Photon Interactions in Gravity and Antigravity: Conservation, Dark Energy, and Redshift Effects. Preprints 2023, 2023092086. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2086.v1
Thakur, S.N.; Bhattacharjee, D.; Frederick, O. Photon Interactions in Gravity and Antigravity: Conservation, Dark Energy, and Redshift Effects. Preprints2023, 2023092086. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2086.v1
APA Style
Thakur, S.N., Bhattacharjee, D., & Frederick, O. (2023). Photon Interactions in Gravity and Antigravity: Conservation, Dark Energy, and Redshift Effects. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2086.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Thakur, S.N., Deep Bhattacharjee and Onwuka Frederick. 2023 "Photon Interactions in Gravity and Antigravity: Conservation, Dark Energy, and Redshift Effects" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.2086.v1
Abstract
This paper delves into the intricate interactions of photons in the realms of gravity and antigravity. Photons, being fundamental particles of light, exhibit remarkable behaviors as they traverse through the cosmos. They journey through the vast expanses of the universe until they venture into the enigmatic invisible realm. The photon's encounters with gravity and antigravity are explored in detail. When confronting the gravitational influence of massive objects, such as celestial bodies, photons neither gain nor lose energy, but they exchange momentum with the external gravitational field while steadfastly preserving their intrinsic momentum. Intriguingly, the photon's interaction with the mysterious force of antigravity, propelled by dark energy, presents an irreversible transformation. The consequences of this interaction are profound, as photons undergo a cosmic redshift of a magnitude greater than that induced by gravity or other redshift mechanisms. This distinctive effect manifests as the photon departs from the gravitational embrace of galaxies and embarks on a journey beyond their boundaries, where the domain of zero gravity commences. Furthermore, the paper elucidates the dynamics of external forces exerted by massive objects on photons during their interactions. These forces momentarily carry the photons while they engage with the massive objects. Yet, despite this external assistance, the photons maintain their original momentum. Notably, within a gravitational field, the effective deviation from this transportation remains zero, reaffirming the photon's commitment to its initial trajectory.
Keywords
photon; gravity; antigravity; dark energy; redshift
Subject
Physical Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
