Levran, N.; Levek, N.; Sher, B.; Mauda-Yitzhak, E.; Gruber, N.; Afek, A.; Monsonego-Ornan, E.; Pinhas-Hamiel, O. The Mediterranean Diet for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Prospective Interventional Study. Nutrients2023, 15, 4577.
Levran, N.; Levek, N.; Sher, B.; Mauda-Yitzhak, E.; Gruber, N.; Afek, A.; Monsonego-Ornan, E.; Pinhas-Hamiel, O. The Mediterranean Diet for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Prospective Interventional Study. Nutrients 2023, 15, 4577.
Levran, N.; Levek, N.; Sher, B.; Mauda-Yitzhak, E.; Gruber, N.; Afek, A.; Monsonego-Ornan, E.; Pinhas-Hamiel, O. The Mediterranean Diet for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Prospective Interventional Study. Nutrients2023, 15, 4577.
Levran, N.; Levek, N.; Sher, B.; Mauda-Yitzhak, E.; Gruber, N.; Afek, A.; Monsonego-Ornan, E.; Pinhas-Hamiel, O. The Mediterranean Diet for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Prospective Interventional Study. Nutrients 2023, 15, 4577.
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MED) is highly recommended. Medical nutrition therapy is the cornerstone of diabetes treatment. We assessed adherence to the MED, and resultant micronutrient intake and glycemic control in youth with type 1 diabetes. Twenty adolescents, median age 18 years (interquartile range: 15.5-21), median diabetes duration 9 years (7-14), using continuous glucose monitoring devices, received personalized diet regimes based on MED. At 6 months post-intervention, the caloric intake remained unchanged; however, the carbohydrate proportion was lower (p=0.058) and the intakes of some monounsaturated fats increased (p=0.049). Sodium intake exceeded the recommended daily allowance by 250% (p=0.653), before and after the intervention. For blood glucose, the percent time-in-range 70-180 mg/dL improved from 52% (38-60) to 63% (47-71) (p=0.047). The total insulin dose decreased marginally, from 0.76 u/kg (0.64-0.97) to 0.72u/kg (0.61-0.89) (p=0.067). BMI z-score and waist circumference did not change (p=0.316 and p=0.161, respectively). Diastolic blood pressure percentile decreased from 73% (68-88) to 69% (50-79) (p=0.028), and LDL cholesterol from 114mg/ dl (105-134) to 104mg/dl (96-124) (p=0.059). The Israeli Mediterranean diet screener score increased, from 8 (7-11) to 13 points (12-14) (p=<0.001). The MED-based intervention demonstrated feasibility and improvements in glycemic outcomes and in certain nutritional parameters.
Keywords
Mediterranean diet; food frequency questionnaire; Israel Mediterranean diet screener (I-MEDAS); time-in-range (TIR); type 1 diabetes; dietary reference intake
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Endocrinology and Metabolism
Copyright:
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