Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Anisotropic Fractional Cosmology: K-Essence Theory

Version 1 : Received: 15 September 2023 / Approved: 18 September 2023 / Online: 19 September 2023 (15:23:55 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Socorro, J.; Rosales, J.J.; Toledo-Sesma, L. Anisotropic Fractional Cosmology: K-Essence Theory. Fractal Fract. 2023, 7, 814. Socorro, J.; Rosales, J.J.; Toledo-Sesma, L. Anisotropic Fractional Cosmology: K-Essence Theory. Fractal Fract. 2023, 7, 814.

Abstract

In the particular configuration of the scalar field K-essence in the Wheeler-DeWitt quantum equation, for some age in the Bianchi type I anisotropic cosmological model, a fractional differential equation for the scalar field arises naturally. The order of the fractional differential equation is $\beta=\frac{2\alpha}{2\alpha - 1}$. This fractional equation belongs to different intervals, depending on the value of the barotropic parameter; when $\omega_{X} \in [0,1]$, the order belongs to the interval $1\leq \beta \leq 2$, and when $\omega_{X}\in[-1,0)$, the order belongs to the interval $0<\beta \leq 1$. In the quantum scheme, we introduce the factor ordering problem in the variables $(\Omega,\phi)$ and its corresponding momenta $(\Pi_\Omega, \Pi_\phi)$, obtaining a linear fractional differential equation with variable coefficients in the scalar field equation, then the solution is found using a fractional power series expansion. The corresponding quantum solutions are also given. We found the classical solution in the usual gauge N obtained in the Hamiltonian formalism and without a gauge. In the last case, the general solution is presented in a transformed time $T(\tau)$, however in the dust era we found a closed solution in the gauge time $\tau$.

Keywords

Fractional derivative; Fractional Quantum Cosmology; K-essence formalism; Classical and Quantum exact solutions

Subject

Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics

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