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This version is not peer-reviewed
Submitted:
24 August 2023
Posted:
25 August 2023
You are already at the latest version
This version is not peer-reviewed
Submitted:
24 August 2023
Posted:
25 August 2023
You are already at the latest version
Factors | Variables | N | ToxoplasmosisMean ± SD | P-value | Chlamydophilosis Mean ± SD | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Global knowledge | 200 | 0,08 ± 0,23 | 0.07 ± 0.18 | |||
Study regions | Adamawa | 50 | 0.03 ± 0.14 | 0.05* | 0.03 ± 0.10 | 0.03* |
North | 81 | 0.12 ± 0.27 | 0.10 ± 0.21 | |||
Far-North | 69 | 0.07 ± 0.21 | 0.17 ± 0.10 | |||
Sex | Male | 160 | 0.07± 0.21 | 0.27 | 0.06 ± 0.16 | 0.23 |
Female | 40 | 0.12± 0.28 | 0.10 ± 0.23 | |||
Age (year) | < 20 | 4 | 0 | 0.00* | 0 | 0.00* |
21-50 | 113 | 0.08 ± 0.22 | 0.07 ± 0.18 | |||
51-70 | 74 | 0.08 ± 0.23 | 0.06 ± 0.16 | |||
>71 | 9 | 0.17 ± 0.33 | 0.26 ± 0.26 | |||
Level of education | No | 73 | 0.11 ± 0.27 | 0.02* | 0.09 ± 0.21 | 0.27 |
Primary | 55 | 0.03 ± 0.13 | 0.03 ± 0.13 | |||
Secondary | 55 | 0.07 ± 0.21 | 0.06 ± 0.15 | |||
Higher | 17 | 0.14 ± 0.30 | 0.11 ± 0.22 | |||
Marital status | Single | 28 | 0.05 ± 0.20 | 0.00* | 0.05 ± 0.15 | 0.00* |
Monogame | 109 | 0.08 ± 0.22 | 0.07 ± 0.18 | |||
Polygamist | 61 | 0.08 ± 0.22 | 0.06 ± 0.16 | |||
Widow | 2 | 0.75 ± 0.07 | 0.60 ± 0.00 | |||
Duration in the breeding (year) | < 10 | 53 | 0.07 ± 0.22 | 0.81 | 0.06 ± 0.16 | 0.82 |
11-30 | 127 | 0.08 ± 0.23 | 0.07 ± 0.18 | |||
> 30 | 20 | 0.11 ± 0.27 | 0.09 ± 0.19 | |||
Primary occupation | Village chief | 2 | 0 | 0.05* | 0 | 0.05* |
Trader | 3 | 0 | 0 | |||
Student | 4 | 0 | 0 | |||
Breeder | 190 | 0.08 ± 0.23 | 0.07± 0.18 | |||
Public servant | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||
Breeding objectives | Financial | 139 | 0.07 ± 0.22 | 0.05* | 0.06 ± 0.17 | 0.13 |
Consumption | 51 | 0.17 ± 0.31 | 0.13 ± 0.23 | |||
Pleasure | 10 | 0.16 ± 0.34 | 0.12 ± 0.26 | |||
Number of small ruminants in farms | < 10 | 45 | 0.11 ± 0.25 | 0.63 | 0.08 ± 0.19 | 0.76 |
10-30 | 131 | 0.07 ± 0.22 | 0.06 ± 0.17 | |||
> 30 | 24 | 0.09 ± 024 | 0.07± 0.18 | |||
Health personnel | Yes | 7 | 0.30 ± 0.24 | 0.89 | 0.26 ± 0.22 | 0.91 |
No | 193 | 0.29 ± 0.24 | 0.26 ± 0.23 | |||
Hygiene level | Clean | 48 | 0.16 ± 0.32 | 0.03* | 0.14 ± 0.25 | 0.02* |
Very clean | 8 | 0.09 ± 0.25 | 0.06 ± 0.18 | |||
Dirty | 134 | 0.06 ± 0.19 | 0.05 ± 0.14 | |||
Very dirty | 10 | 0.01 ± 0.03 | 0.02 ± 0.04 | |||
Power supply mode | Grazing | 180 | 0.06 ± 0.21 | 0.00* | 0.06 ± 0.16 | 0.01* |
Zero grazing | 20 | 0.22 ± 0.33 | 0.16 ± 0.24 |
Factor | Variables | N | Practices | Attitude | Perception of risk of Toxoplasmosis and Chlamydophilosis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P -value | |||
Study regions | Adamawa | 50 | 0.38 ± 0.14 | 0.57 | 0.29 ± 0.07 | 0.01* | 0.04 ± 0.19 | 0.04* |
North | 81 | 0.36 ± 0.14 | 0.33 ± 0.07 | 0.18 ± 0.31 | ||||
Extreme-North | 69 | 0.36 ± 0.11 | 0.33 ± 0.08 | 0.10 ± 0.31 | ||||
Sex | Male | 160 | 0.36 ± 0.13 | 0.71 | 0.32 ± 0.07 | 0.85 | 0.10 ± 0.32 | 0.34 |
Female | 40 | 0.37 ± 0.14 | 0.32 ± 0.08 | 0.16 ± 0.39 | ||||
Age in years | < 20 | 4 | 0.44 ± 0.24 | 0.68 | 0.38 ± 0.05 | 0.05* | 0 | 0.05* |
21-50 | 113 | 0.37 ± 0.14 | 0.32 ± 0.08 | 0.11 ± 0.33 | ||||
51-70 | 74 | 0.36 ± 0.12 | 0.32 ± 0.07 | 0.11 ± 0.33 | ||||
>71 | 9 | 0.31 ± 0.11 | 0.36 ± 0.09 | 0.25 ± 0.50 | ||||
Level of education | No | 73 | 0.36 ± 0.12 | 0.28 | 0.32 ± 0.07 | 0.20 | 0.16 ± 0.39 | 0.02* |
Primary | 55 | 0.39 ± 0.14 | 0.34 ± 0.08 | 0.04 ± 0.22 | ||||
Secondary | 55 | 0.35 ± 0.14 | 0.32 ± 0.08 | 0.10 ± 0.31 | ||||
Higher | 17 | 0.33 ± 0.33 | 0.30 ± 0.06 | 0.19 ± 0.43 | ||||
Marital status | Single | 28 | 0.34 ± 0.13 | 0.05* | 0.33 ± 0.06 | 0.89 | 0.08 ± 0.28 | 0.0001* |
Monogame | 109 | 0.36 ± 0.14 | 0.32 ± 0.08 | 0.11 ± 0.33 | ||||
Polygamist | 61 | 0.39 ± 0.11 | 0.32 ± 0.07 | 0.11 ± 0.32 | ||||
Widow | 2 | 0.25 ± 0.00 | 0.30 ± 0.14 | 1 ± 0.00 | ||||
Duration in the breeding (year) | < 10 | 53 | 0.36 ± 0.15 | 0.91 | 0.32 ±0.07 | 0.70 | 0.10 ± 0.31 | 0.79 |
11-30 | 127 | 0.37 ± 0.12 | 0.32 ± 0.08 | 0.12 ± 0.34 | ||||
> 30 | 20 | 0.35 ± 0.13 | 0.31 ± 0.08 | 0.16 ± 0.38 | ||||
Primary occupation | Village chief | 2 | 0.56 ± 0.09 | 0.05* | 0.35 ± 0.21 | 0.05* | 0 | 0.0001* |
Trader | 3 | 0.29 ± 0.08 | 0.30 ± 0.10 | 0 | ||||
Student | 4 | 0.41 ± 0.26 | 0.38 ± 0.05 | 0 | ||||
Breeder | 190 | 0.36 ± 0.13 | 0.32 ± 0.07 | 0.12 ± 0.34 | ||||
Public servant | 1 | 0.38 ± 0.00 | 0.20 ± 0.00 | 0 | ||||
Breeding objectives | Financial income | 139 | 0.34 ± 0.10 | 0.45 | 0.34 ± 0.07 | 0.46 | 0.30 ± 0.51 | 0.05* |
Consumption | 51 | 0.31 ± 0.12 | 0.33 ± 0.08 | 0.25 ± 0.45 | ||||
Pleasure | 10 | 0.35 ± 0.10 | 0.35 ± 0.08 | 0.23 ± 0.48 | ||||
Number of small ruminants in farms | < 10 | 45 | 0.41 ± 0.13 | 0.02* | 0.33 ± 0.07 | 0.05* | 0.15 ± 0.36 | 0.70 |
10-30 | 131 | 0.35 ± 0.12 | 0.31 ± 0.07 | 0.10 ± 0.32 | ||||
> 30 | 24 | 0.36 ± 0.14 | 0.35 ± 0.08 | 0.13 ± 0.35 | ||||
Health personnel | Yes | 7 | 0.59 ± 0.17 | 0.04* | 0.29 ± 0.30 | 0.68 | 0.37 ± 0.20 | 0.92 |
No | 193 | 0.55 ± 0.19 | 0.28 ± 0.30 | 0.37 ± 0.22 | ||||
Hygiene level | Own | 48 | 0.35 ± 0.12 | 0.33 | 0.33 ± 0.09 | 0.57 | 0.23 ± 0.46 | 0.03 |
Very clean | 8 | 0.37 ± 0.13 | 0.33 ± 0.07 | 0.08 ± 0.28 | ||||
Dirty | 134 | 0.33 ± 0.15 | 0.32 ± 0.07 | 0 | ||||
Very dirty | 10 | 0.42 ± 0.11 | 0.35 ± 0.08 | 0.13 ± 0.35 | ||||
Power supply mode | Grazing | 180 | 0.37 ± 0.13 | 0.52 | 0.32 ± 0.07 | 0.05* | 0.09 ± 0.30 | 0.004* |
Zero grazing | 20 | 0.35 ± 0.13 | 0.35 ± 0.08 | 0.32 ± 0.33 |
Parameters | Variable | Knowledge of Chlamydophilosis | Knowledge of Toxoplasmosis | Practices | Attitudes | N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pooled | Knowledge of Toxoplasmosis | 0.98** | 200 | |||
Practices | -0.09 | -0.08 | ||||
Attitudes | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.07 | |||
Risk Perception | 0.99** | 0.99** | -0.08 | 0.07 | ||
Adamawa | Knowledge of Toxoplasmosis | 0.99** | 50 | |||
Practices | -0.15 | -0.09 | ||||
Attitudes | -0.06 | -0.04 | 0.19 | |||
Risk Perception | 0.99** | 0.99** | -0.10 | -0.05 | ||
North | Knowledge of Toxoplasmosis | 0.96** | 81 | |||
Practices | -0.02 | -0.04 | ||||
Attitudes | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.14 | |||
Risk Perception | 0.99** | 0.99** | -0.03 | 0.15 | ||
Far North | Knowledge of Toxoplasmosis | 0.98 | 69 | |||
Practices | -0.16 | -0.13 | ||||
Attitudes | -0.08 | -0.14 | -0.01 | |||
Risk Perception | 0.99** | 0.99** | -0.13 | -0.11 |
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Roland NANKAM CHIMI
et al.
,
2023
Gerald Dickson Mlowe
et al.
,
2023
Folorunso Oludayo Fasina
et al.
,
2020
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