Pan, J.; Chen, M.; Li, N.; Han, R.; Yang, Y.; Zheng, N.; Zhao, S.; Zhang, Y. Bioactive Functions of Lipids in the Milk Fat Globule Membrane: A Comprehensive Review. Foods2023, 12, 3755.
Pan, J.; Chen, M.; Li, N.; Han, R.; Yang, Y.; Zheng, N.; Zhao, S.; Zhang, Y. Bioactive Functions of Lipids in the Milk Fat Globule Membrane: A Comprehensive Review. Foods 2023, 12, 3755.
Pan, J.; Chen, M.; Li, N.; Han, R.; Yang, Y.; Zheng, N.; Zhao, S.; Zhang, Y. Bioactive Functions of Lipids in the Milk Fat Globule Membrane: A Comprehensive Review. Foods2023, 12, 3755.
Pan, J.; Chen, M.; Li, N.; Han, R.; Yang, Y.; Zheng, N.; Zhao, S.; Zhang, Y. Bioactive Functions of Lipids in the Milk Fat Globule Membrane: A Comprehensive Review. Foods 2023, 12, 3755.
Abstract
Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is a complex tri-layer membrane that wraps droplets of lipids in milk. In recent years, it has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent bioactive functions and nutritional value. The milk fat globule membrane contains a diverse array of bioactive lipids, including cholesterol, phospholipids, and sphingolipids, which play pivotal roles in mediating the bioactivity of the milk fat globule membrane. We sequentially summarize the main lipid types in milk fat globule membrane in this comprehensive review and outline the characterization methods used to employed them. In this comprehensive review, we sequentially describe the types of major lipids found in the milk fat globule membrane and outline the characterization methods employed to study them. Additionally, we compare the structural disparities among glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and gangliosides, while introducing the formation of lipid rafts facilitated by cholesterol. The focus of this review revolves around an extensive evaluation of current research on lipid isolates from the milk fat globule membrane, as well as products containing milk fat globule membrane lipids, with respect to their impact on human health. Notably, we emphasize clinical trials encompassing a large number of participants. The summarized bioactive functions of milk fat globule membrane lipids encompass regulation of human growth and development, influence on intestinal health, inhibition of cholesterol absorption, enhancement of exercise capacity, and anti-cancer effects. By offering a comprehensive overview, the aim of this review is to provide valuable insights into the diverse biologically active functions exhibited by lipids in milk fat globule membrane.
Keywords
milk fat globule membrane; phospholipids; ganglioside; cholesterol; development
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Food Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
