Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Comparative Study between Individuals Infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the Wild-Type and the Delta Periods

Maria M Sukhova
,
Maria Byazrova
,
Artem Mikhailov
,
Gaukhar Yusubalieva
ORCID logo ,
Irina V Maslova
,
Tatyana Belovezhets
ORCID logo ,
Nikolay Chikaev
,
Ivan Vorobiev
ORCID logo ,
Alexander Filatov
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 11 August 2023 / Approved: 11 August 2023 / Online: 14 August 2023 (09:55:47 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Sukhova, M.; Byazrova, M.; Mikhailov, A.; Yusubalieva, G.; Maslova, I.; Belovezhets, T.; Chikaev, N.; Vorobiev, I.; Baklaushev, V.; Filatov, A. Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Comparative Pilot Study between Individuals Infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the Wild-Type and the Delta Periods. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 2347. Sukhova, M.; Byazrova, M.; Mikhailov, A.; Yusubalieva, G.; Maslova, I.; Belovezhets, T.; Chikaev, N.; Vorobiev, I.; Baklaushev, V.; Filatov, A. Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Comparative Pilot Study between Individuals Infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the Wild-Type and the Delta Periods. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 2347.

Abstract

Since the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, humanity has experienced the spread and circulation of several SARS-CoV-2 variants that differed in transmissibility, contagiousness, and the ability to escape from vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies. However, issues related to the differences of variant-specific immune responses, remain insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to compare the parameters of the humoral immune responses in two groups of patients with acute COVID-19 who were infected during the circulation period of the D614G and the Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2. Sera from 48 patients with acute COVID-19 were tested for SARS-CoV-2 binding and neutralizing antibodies using six assays. We found that serum samples from the D614G period demonstrated 3.9‐ and 1.6‐fold increase in RBD- and Spike‐specific IgG binding with Wild type antigens compared with Delta variant antigens (p < 0.01). Cluster analysis showed the existence of two well-separated clusters. The first cluster mainly consisted of D614G period patients and the second cluster predominantly included patients from Delta period. The results thus obtained indicate that humoral immune responses in D614G- and Delta-specific infections can be characterized by variant-specific signatures. This can be taken into account when developing new variant-specific vaccines.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; variants of concern; virus neutralization

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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