Zhao, Q.; Yang, W.; Zhang, L. Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing Algorithm for Post-Disaster Mine Internet of Things Networks. Sensors2023, 23, 7213.
Zhao, Q.; Yang, W.; Zhang, L. Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing Algorithm for Post-Disaster Mine Internet of Things Networks. Sensors 2023, 23, 7213.
Zhao, Q.; Yang, W.; Zhang, L. Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing Algorithm for Post-Disaster Mine Internet of Things Networks. Sensors2023, 23, 7213.
Zhao, Q.; Yang, W.; Zhang, L. Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing Algorithm for Post-Disaster Mine Internet of Things Networks. Sensors 2023, 23, 7213.
Abstract
The Mine Internet of Things (MIoT), as a key technology for reconstructing post-disaster communication networks, enables to realize the safety monitoring and controlling of the affected roadway. However, due to the challenging underground mine environment, the MIoT suffers from severe signal attenuation, vulnerable nodes, and limited energy, which result in low network reliability of the post-disaster MIoT. To improve the transmission reliability as well as to reduce energy consumption, a directional-area-forwarding-based energy-efficient opportunistic routing (DEOR) for the post-disaster MIoT is proposed. DEOR defines a forwarding zone (FZ) for each node to route packets toward the sink. The candidate forwarding set (CFS) is constructed by the nodes within the FZ that satisfy the energy constraint and the neighboring node degree constraint. The nodes in CFS are prioritized based on the routing quality evaluation by taking the local attributes of nodes into consideration, such as the directional angle, transmission distance, and residual energy. DEOR adopts a recovery mechanism to address the issue of void nodes. The simulation results validate that the proposed DEOR outperforms ORR, OBRN and ECSOR in terms of energy consumption, average hop count, packet delivery rate, and network lifetime.
Keywords
Mine Internet of Things (MIoT); post-disaster reconstruction; opportunistic routing (OR); data transmission; energy efficient; routing void
Subject
Engineering, Telecommunications
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
