Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases and Paraneoplastic Syndromes

Michał Braczkowski
* ORCID logo ,
Dariusz Soszyński
,
Alicja Sierakowska
ORCID logo ,
Ryszard Braczkowski
,
Klaudia Kufel
ORCID logo ,
Beata Łabuz-Roszak
Version 1 : Received: 29 July 2023 / Approved: 31 July 2023 / Online: 1 August 2023 (11:37:28 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Braczkowski, M.; Soszyński, D.; Sierakowska, A.; Braczkowski, R.; Kufel, K.; Łabuz-Roszak, B. Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 2589. Braczkowski, M.; Soszyński, D.; Sierakowska, A.; Braczkowski, R.; Kufel, K.; Łabuz-Roszak, B. Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 2589.

Abstract

Encephalitis is a condition with a variety of etiologies, clinical presentations and degrees of severity. The causes of these disorders include both neuroinfections and autoimmune diseases in which host antibodies are pathologically directed against self antigens. In autoimmune encephalitis, autoantibodies are expressed in the central nervous system. The incidence of this disease is approximately 4% of all reported cases of encephalitis. Autoimmune encephalitis can be induced by antibodies against neuronal surface antigens such as N-methyl-D-aspartate-activated glutamate receptors (NMDAR), ⍺-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptors (AMPAR) or gangliosides GQ1b, DPPX, CASPR2, LGI1, as well as by antibodies against neuronal intracellular antigens. The paper presents a number of both mental and neurological symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis. Moreover, the coexistence of psychoses, neoplastic diseases and the methods of diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis are discussed. Attention was also drawn to the fact that early diagnosis, as well as early initiation of targeted treatment, increases the chance of a successful course of the therapeutic process.

Keywords

autoimmune inflamation with antibodies,; anti-NMDAR antibodies,; anti-AMPAR antibodies,; anti-GQ1b antibodies,; anti-DPPX antibodies,; anti-CASPR2 antibodies,; anti-LGI1 antibodies,; encephalitis,; psychoses

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Psychiatry and Mental Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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