Yang, H.; Che, Y.; Luo, J. Calcium Leaching of 3D-Printed Cement Paste Exposed to Ammonium Chloride Solutions. Sustainability 2023, 15, 12688, doi:10.3390/su151712688.
Yang, H.; Che, Y.; Luo, J. Calcium Leaching of 3D-Printed Cement Paste Exposed to Ammonium Chloride Solutions. Sustainability 2023, 15, 12688, doi:10.3390/su151712688.
Yang, H.; Che, Y.; Luo, J. Calcium Leaching of 3D-Printed Cement Paste Exposed to Ammonium Chloride Solutions. Sustainability 2023, 15, 12688, doi:10.3390/su151712688.
Yang, H.; Che, Y.; Luo, J. Calcium Leaching of 3D-Printed Cement Paste Exposed to Ammonium Chloride Solutions. Sustainability 2023, 15, 12688, doi:10.3390/su151712688.
Abstract
The research on calcium leaching of 3D printed cement pastes (3DPC) exposed in aggressive water is limited, and the mechanism underlying its effect needs to be better understood. The performance anisotropy of degraded 3DPC due to calcium leaching is investigated in this paper. Samples with aggregate micro fines (AMF) and fly ash (FA) were prepared. A 6 mol/L NH4Cl solution was used in the accelerated experiment. At specific leaching durations, performances were tested on the samples in different leaching directions. Results show that the performances of 3DPC in aggressive water have a significant anisotropic behavior. The evolution of pore defects and hydration products mainly governs the performance anisotropy of degraded 3DPC. The remaining hydration products of the surface of 3DPC leached in the Z direction are less than the other two directions because calcium ions leached in the Z direction are difficult to be compensated through weak interfaces between layers.
Keywords
3D printed cement pastes; calcium leaching; hydration products; pore defects
Subject
Engineering, Civil Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
