Article
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Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
First Nighttime Light Spectra by Satellite—by EnMAP
Version 1
: Received: 13 July 2023 / Approved: 14 July 2023 / Online: 14 July 2023 (07:32:53 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Bachmann, M.; Storch, T. First Nighttime Light Spectra by Satellite—By EnMAP. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 4025. Bachmann, M.; Storch, T. First Nighttime Light Spectra by Satellite—By EnMAP. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 4025.
Abstract
For the first time VIS/NIR-SWIR (visible and near infrared – shortwave infrared) nighttime spectra of a satellite mission are analyzed, using the EnMAP (Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program) high-resolution imaging spectrometer. The focus of this article is set on the spectral characteristics. First, the spectral calibration of EnMAP is checked based on sodium emissions of lighting. Here, applying a realized novel general method, shifts of +0.3nm for VIS/NIR and −0.2nm for SWIR are identified with uncertainties analyzed to be in the range of [−0.4nm,+0.2nm] for VIS/NIR and [−1.2nm,+1.0nm] for SWIR. These results emphasize the high accuracy of the spectral calibration of EnMAP and illustrate the feasibility of methods based on nighttime Earth observations for the spectral calibration of future nighttime satellite missions. Second, applying a realized simple general method, the dominant lighting types of Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, and thermal emissions are identified per pixel and the consistency of the outcomes is considered. These results illustrate the feasibility of the precise identification of lighting types and thermal emissions based on nighttime high-resolution imaging spectroscopy satellite products and support the specification of, in particular, spectral characteristics of future nighttime missions.
Keywords
EnMAP; imaging spectroscopy; nighttime remote sensing; spectral calibration; lighting types
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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