Version 1
: Received: 12 July 2023 / Approved: 12 July 2023 / Online: 13 July 2023 (10:53:23 CEST)
How to cite:
Le, H.H.; Nguyen, V.T.; Le, H.A.; Nguyen, D.H. A Robust Integrated Watermarking Algorithm for Vector Geographic Data Copyright Protection. Preprints2023, 2023070925. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.0925.v1
Le, H.H.; Nguyen, V.T.; Le, H.A.; Nguyen, D.H. A Robust Integrated Watermarking Algorithm for Vector Geographic Data Copyright Protection. Preprints 2023, 2023070925. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.0925.v1
Le, H.H.; Nguyen, V.T.; Le, H.A.; Nguyen, D.H. A Robust Integrated Watermarking Algorithm for Vector Geographic Data Copyright Protection. Preprints2023, 2023070925. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.0925.v1
APA Style
Le, H.H., Nguyen, V.T., Le, H.A., & Nguyen, D.H. (2023). A Robust Integrated Watermarking Algorithm for Vector Geographic Data Copyright Protection. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.0925.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Le, H.H., Hoang Anh Le and Dinh Han Nguyen. 2023 "A Robust Integrated Watermarking Algorithm for Vector Geographic Data Copyright Protection" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.0925.v1
Abstract
Vector geographic data play an important role in the natural resources and environment sector and other location information services. This is also one of the types of data where the cost to create it is relatively large because of the difficulty in surveying, collecting, and authorizing. The rapid development of the Internet has created many advantages in the distribution, exploitation, and use of vector geographic data, but it also gives rise to many problems such as duplication, redistribution, forgery, and illegal data use. The theft on the Internet is becoming more and more sophisticated and the number of violations is increasing, showing the urgent need to research and develop an effective solution to protect the copyright of vector geographic data and prevent them from being illegally collected and used. Among the major studies and solutions, digital watermarking emerges as an effective method and is an active research area for copyright protection. Towards a good solution for copyright protection of vector geographic data, our study proposes a new algorithm with three main contributions, including: (1) generating short, pseudo-random meaningful watermarks to increase robustness and to enable automated as well as visual manual verifying; (2) building a uniformly distributed mapping between the vertex coordinates and the watermark bit indexes to increase the robustness of the watermarks; and (3) integrate two types of watermarks, namely, spatial domain-based watermarking and zero-watermarking to be resistant to most common attacks on geographic vector data. The algorithm also allows working on all types of vector geographic data, including points, polylines, and polygons.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
