Sacco, R.; Munoz, M.-A.; Billuart, F.; Lalevée, M.; Beldame, J. Validation of an Automated Optical Scanner for a Comprehensive Anthropometric Analysis of the Foot and Ankle. Bioengineering2023, 10, 968.
Sacco, R.; Munoz, M.-A.; Billuart, F.; Lalevée, M.; Beldame, J. Validation of an Automated Optical Scanner for a Comprehensive Anthropometric Analysis of the Foot and Ankle. Bioengineering 2023, 10, 968.
Sacco, R.; Munoz, M.-A.; Billuart, F.; Lalevée, M.; Beldame, J. Validation of an Automated Optical Scanner for a Comprehensive Anthropometric Analysis of the Foot and Ankle. Bioengineering2023, 10, 968.
Sacco, R.; Munoz, M.-A.; Billuart, F.; Lalevée, M.; Beldame, J. Validation of an Automated Optical Scanner for a Comprehensive Anthropometric Analysis of the Foot and Ankle. Bioengineering 2023, 10, 968.
Abstract
Background: Our objective was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the reproducibility of foot and ankle anthropometric measurements with a three-dimensional (3D) optical scanner. Methods: We evaluated thirty-nine different anthropometric parameters obtained with 3D Laser UPOD-S Full-Foot Scanner in a healthy population of twenty subjects. We determined the variance of the measurements for each foot/ankle, and the average variance among different subjects. Results: For 40 feet and ankles (15 women and 5 men; mean age 35.62 +/- 9.54 years, range 9-75 years), the average variance was 1.4 ± 2 (range 0,1 to 8). Overall, the mean absolute measurement error was < 1 mm, with a maximum variance percentage of 8.3%. Forefoot and midfoot circumferences had a low variance < 2.5, with variance percentages < 1%. Hindfoot circumferences, malleolar heights, and the length of the first and fifth metatarsal to the ground contact points showed the highest variance (range 1 to 7). Conclusion: This optical scanner achieved a good reproducibility of a large set of foot and ankle anthropometric measurements. It is a valuable tool for clinical and research purposes.
Keywords
3D imaging; foot; ankle; optical scanner; anthropometry; analysis of variance
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
