Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytology in Severe Equine Asthma Syndrome During Asymptomatic, Exacerbation, and Remission Phase: Cytocentrifugated Versus Sedimented Smear Preparations

Maria Morini
* ORCID logo ,
Francesca Gobbo
ORCID logo ,
Riccardo Rinnovati
,
Noemi Romagnoli
,
Angelo Peli
ORCID logo ,
Chiara Massarenti
,
Alessandro Spadari
ORCID logo ,
Marco Pietra
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 16 June 2023 / Approved: 19 June 2023 / Online: 19 June 2023 (03:00:20 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Morini, M.; Gobbo, F.; Rinnovati, R.; Romagnoli, N.; Peli, A.; Massarenti, C.; Spadari, A.; Pietra, M. Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytology in Severe Equine Asthma: Cytocentrifugated versus Sediment Smear Preparations. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 527. Morini, M.; Gobbo, F.; Rinnovati, R.; Romagnoli, N.; Peli, A.; Massarenti, C.; Spadari, A.; Pietra, M. Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytology in Severe Equine Asthma: Cytocentrifugated versus Sediment Smear Preparations. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 527.

Abstract

Equine Asthma Syndrome (EAS) is a common respiratory problem that affects horses of any age. In the severe EAS form (historically referred to as recurrent airway obstruction or RAO) the diagnosis, based mainly on history and clinical signs, it is definitively confirmed by the cytological examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), also very useful in monitoring lower airway inflammation in response to environmental management and medication. Cytocentrifugated preparation is usually the staging method for the BAL cytological interpretation. To evaluate whether the BAL cytology in horses with severe EAS under different environmental conditions and before and after treatment can undergo significant changes, and at the same time to investigate whether in the cytological evaluation of the BAL there are interpretative differences between two methods of smear preparation of the collected fluid, a study was carried out on a series of BAL samples (n=48) collected in 8 withdrawals from 6 EAS-affected horses subjected to process exacerbation through environmental stimuli and then to pharmacological treatment. Each BAL fluid collected was equally divided into duplicate portions: one set up by cytocentrifugation and one by sediment from simple centrifugation. The cytological examination revealed any significant difference between the EAS-affected horses in all experimental phases (asymptomatic, early exacerbation phase, late exacerbation phase, and remission phase). Diagnostic interpretive comparison between the two BAL preparations then showed no significant differences in results, suggesting how they can be used indifferently in the evaluation of BAL under conditions of airway inflammation in the horse. Thus, the concentrated smear preparation appears to be an equally diagnostically useful method in conditions where there is no possibility of using an appropriate cytocentrifuge.

Keywords

BAL; Equine Asthma Syndrome; cytocentrifugation; smear; cytology; horse

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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