Karimi, R.; Prego-Domínguez, J.; Takkouche, B. Factors Contributing to the Link between Physical Well-Being and Chronic Pain in Young People from Galicia, Northwest Spain. J. Clin. Med.2023, 12, 4228.
Karimi, R.; Prego-Domínguez, J.; Takkouche, B. Factors Contributing to the Link between Physical Well-Being and Chronic Pain in Young People from Galicia, Northwest Spain. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 4228.
Karimi, R.; Prego-Domínguez, J.; Takkouche, B. Factors Contributing to the Link between Physical Well-Being and Chronic Pain in Young People from Galicia, Northwest Spain. J. Clin. Med.2023, 12, 4228.
Karimi, R.; Prego-Domínguez, J.; Takkouche, B. Factors Contributing to the Link between Physical Well-Being and Chronic Pain in Young People from Galicia, Northwest Spain. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 4228.
Abstract
Introduction: The relation between physical well-being and chronic pain is complex and involves several subjective and objective covariates. We aimed to assess the role of media-tor, confounder, or interactor played by covariates, including sleep quality, physical activity, perceived stress, smoking, and alcohol drinking in the relation between physical well-being and chronic pain.
Method: We used Poisson regression to obtain incidence rate ratios (IRR) of the associa-tion between physical well-being and chronic pain in a cohort study carried out among uni-versity students. We applied General Structural Equation Modeling (GSEM) to assess me-diation, and stratum-specific analysis to distinguish confounding from interaction. We computed Relative Excess Risks due to Interaction (RERI), Attributable Proportion (AP), and Synergy index (S) to measure additive interaction.
Results: High physical well-being is related to a large decrease in the risk of chronic pain (IRRTotal Effect= 0.58; 95%CI 0.50-0.81). Perceived stress mediates 12.5% of the total effect of physical well-being on chronic pain. The stratum-specific IRRs of current smokers and non-current smokers were different from each other and were larger than the crude IRR (IRR=1.49; 95% CI: 1.24-1.80), which indicates that smoking could be both confounder and interactor. Interaction analyses showed that physical activity could act as a potential interactor (RERI=0.25; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.60).
Conclusion: Perceived stress is an important mediator of the relation between physical well-being and chronic pain, while smoking is both a confounder and an interactor. Our findings may prove useful in distinguishing high-risk from low-risk groups, in the interven-tions aimed at reducing chronic pain.
Public Health and Healthcare, Public, Environmental and Occupational Health
Copyright:
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