Version 1
: Received: 22 March 2023 / Approved: 24 March 2023 / Online: 24 March 2023 (02:31:21 CET)
How to cite:
Mthana, M. S.; Mthiyane, D. M. N.; Onwudiwe, D. C.; Mwanza, M. High Dietary Marula (Sclerocarya birreasubsp. caffra) Seed (nut) Cake Induces Detrimental Effects on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Immuno-Physiology of Broiler Chickens. Preprints2023, 2023030423. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202303.0423.v1
Mthana, M. S.; Mthiyane, D. M. N.; Onwudiwe, D. C.; Mwanza, M. High Dietary Marula (Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra) Seed (nut) Cake Induces Detrimental Effects on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Immuno-Physiology of Broiler Chickens. Preprints 2023, 2023030423. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202303.0423.v1
Mthana, M. S.; Mthiyane, D. M. N.; Onwudiwe, D. C.; Mwanza, M. High Dietary Marula (Sclerocarya birreasubsp. caffra) Seed (nut) Cake Induces Detrimental Effects on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Immuno-Physiology of Broiler Chickens. Preprints2023, 2023030423. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202303.0423.v1
APA Style
Mthana, M. S., Mthiyane, D. M. N., Onwudiwe, D. C., & Mwanza, M. (2023). High Dietary Marula (<em>Sclerocarya birrea</em> <em>subsp. caffra</em>) Seed (nut) Cake Induces Detrimental Effects on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Immuno-Physiology of Broiler Chickens. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202303.0423.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Mthana, M. S., Damian Chinedu Onwudiwe and Mulunda Mwanza. 2023 "High Dietary Marula (<em>Sclerocarya birrea</em> <em>subsp. caffra</em>) Seed (nut) Cake Induces Detrimental Effects on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Immuno-Physiology of Broiler Chickens" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202303.0423.v1
Abstract
In a completely randomized design (CRD), 400 day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly allotted to 5 diets with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% MSC, each with 8 replicates of 10. Weekly feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) were calculated whilst haemato-biochemistry was measured at d42. Overall, FI was linearly (P < 0.05) and quadratically (P < 0.01) decreased by MSC, of which the optimum inclusion was 15%, as BWG was linearly (P < 0.001) and quadratically (P < 0.05) decreased and FCE linearly decreased (P < 0.01) by MSC, of which the optimum dietary inclusion was 10%. Also, MSC linearly and quadratically decreased slaughter weight (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), hot carcass weight (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) and cold carcass weight (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Similarly, it linearly decreased white blood cells (P < 0.01) and lymphocytes (P < 0.05) as it linearly (P < 0.001) and quadratically (P < 0.01) decreased symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and linearly (P < 0.001) increased serum cholesterol. In conclusion, up to 10% MSC can be incorporated into broiler diets in replacement of SBM without adverse effects.
Keywords
broiler; marula seed cake; oleic acid; blood indices; broiler health
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Food Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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