Version 1
: Received: 12 December 2022 / Approved: 14 December 2022 / Online: 14 December 2022 (06:38:41 CET)
Version 2
: Received: 17 December 2022 / Approved: 19 December 2022 / Online: 19 December 2022 (02:51:52 CET)
Chen, J.; Wang, C.; Li, H.; Xu, X.; Yang, J.; Huo, Z.; Wang, L.; Zhang, W.; Xiao, X.; Ma, Y. Recent Advances in Surface Modifications of Elemental Two-Dimensional Materials: Structures, Properties, and Applications. Molecules2023, 28, 200.
Chen, J.; Wang, C.; Li, H.; Xu, X.; Yang, J.; Huo, Z.; Wang, L.; Zhang, W.; Xiao, X.; Ma, Y. Recent Advances in Surface Modifications of Elemental Two-Dimensional Materials: Structures, Properties, and Applications. Molecules 2023, 28, 200.
Chen, J.; Wang, C.; Li, H.; Xu, X.; Yang, J.; Huo, Z.; Wang, L.; Zhang, W.; Xiao, X.; Ma, Y. Recent Advances in Surface Modifications of Elemental Two-Dimensional Materials: Structures, Properties, and Applications. Molecules2023, 28, 200.
Chen, J.; Wang, C.; Li, H.; Xu, X.; Yang, J.; Huo, Z.; Wang, L.; Zhang, W.; Xiao, X.; Ma, Y. Recent Advances in Surface Modifications of Elemental Two-Dimensional Materials: Structures, Properties, and Applications. Molecules 2023, 28, 200.
Abstract
The advent of graphene opens up the research into two-dimensional (2D) material, which is considered as a revolutionary material in the future. Due to its unique geometric structure, graphene exhibits a series of exotic physical and chemical properties. Besides, single-element-based 2D materials (Xenes) have garnered tremendous interest. At present, 16 kinds of Xenes (silicene, borophene, germanene, phosphorene, tellurene, etc.) have been explored, mainly distributed in the third, fourth, fifth and sixth main groups. The current methods to prepare monolayer or few-layer 2D materials include epitaxy growth, mechanical exfoliation, and liquid phase exfoliation. Although two Xenes (aluminene and indiene) have not been synthesized due to the limitations of synthetic methods or stability of Xenes, other Xenes have been successfully realized by elaborately artificial design and synthesis. Focusing on elemental 2D materials, this review mainly summarizes the recently reported work about tuning the electronic, optical, mechanical, or chemical properties of Xenes via surface modifications achieved by controllable approaches (doping, adsorption, strain, intercalation, phase transition, etc.) to broaden the applications in various fields, including spintronics, electronics, optoelectronics, superconducting, photovoltaics, sensors, catalysis, and biomedicines. These advances in surface modification of Xenes have laid a theoretical and experimental foundation for the development of 2D materials and their practical applications in diverse fields.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Materials Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received:
19 December 2022
Commenter:
Yaping Ma
Commenter's Conflict of Interests:
Author
Comment:
The detailed changes have been made as below: The sentences in line 219 on page 7 have been revised into “N doping not only can induce n-type doping effect (Figure 6a-c) [118], but also can give rise to p-type doping with different configurations of the N substitutions. For example, graphitic N induces n-type doping, but pyridinic N induces p-type doping [119].” We have added a blank in line 226 on page 7 of the revised manuscript. We have changed “up-down” to “top-down” in line 226 on page 7 of the revised manuscript. We have enriched Section 4 as below:“For instance, the FET of acene-type graphene nanoribbons exhibits excellent semiconductor characteristics with on/off ratio of 88 [203]. To enhance the mid-infrared (MIR) absorption of graphene, the localized surface plasmon resonance of B-doped Si quantum dots (QDs) result in the QD/graphene hybrid photodetector with ultrahigh responsivity, gain, and specific detectivity in the UV-to-MIR region [34]. A 2D bismuthene/Si(111) heterostructure exhibits excellent photodetection performance in the Vis-MIR region due to the promoted generation and transportation of charge carriers in the heterojunction [204]. Solution exfoliated black phosphorene flakes as electron transport layer can enhance the performance of organic solar cells [199]. In addition, layered black phosphorene exhibits a selective detection for methanol [198]. The thermoelectric power (S) in black phosphorene can be effectively controlled by ion-gating. In the hole depleted state, the S of black phosphorene can reach +510 μV/K at 210 K, much higher than the bulk single crystal value of +340 μV/K at 300 K [201]. Under the proper electron doping and biaxial tensile strain, the buckled arsenene shows superconductivity with a high Tc of 30.8 K [178]. Iodine decorated stanene exhibits a topologically nontrivial band structure with a larger gap of ~320 meV than that of pristine stanene (~100 meV) [155]. Graphene/Pt(111) surface can occur surface reactions of CO adsorption/desorption and CO oxidation [202]. MoS2/graphene hybrid decorated by CdS nanocrystals can act as a high-performance photocatalyst for H2 evolution under visible light irradiation [205]. Moreover, 2D Xenes have also been regarded as promising agents for biomedical applications [206]. For example, an ultrathin bismuthene can act as a sensing platform to detecting microRNA with the detection limit of 60 PM [207]. Polyethylene-coated antimonene quantum dots can be used as photothermal agents with high photothermal conversion efficacy of 45.5% for photothermal therapy in cancer theranostics [208]. Overall, thanks to surface modifications, 2D Xenes show great potential for applications in plenty of fields.”
Commenter: Yaping Ma
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author