Version 1
: Received: 13 September 2022 / Approved: 14 September 2022 / Online: 14 September 2022 (03:48:10 CEST)
How to cite:
Lei, L.; Burton, Z. F. Realignment of tRNA Variable Loops, the 3-31 nt Minihelix Theorem and Consequences for the Origin of Life. Preprints2022, 2022090189. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202209.0189.v1
Lei, L.; Burton, Z. F. Realignment of tRNA Variable Loops, the 3-31 nt Minihelix Theorem and Consequences for the Origin of Life. Preprints 2022, 2022090189. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202209.0189.v1
Lei, L.; Burton, Z. F. Realignment of tRNA Variable Loops, the 3-31 nt Minihelix Theorem and Consequences for the Origin of Life. Preprints2022, 2022090189. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202209.0189.v1
APA Style
Lei, L., & Burton, Z. F. (2022). Realignment of tRNA Variable Loops, the 3-31 nt Minihelix Theorem and Consequences for the Origin of Life. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202209.0189.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Lei, L. and Zachary Frome Burton. 2022 "Realignment of tRNA Variable Loops, the 3-31 nt Minihelix Theorem and Consequences for the Origin of Life" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202209.0189.v1
Abstract
Evolutionary, sequence and structural analyses of tRNA variable (V) loops provides a new understanding. Type I tRNA V loops have a primordial length of 5 nt, and type II tRNA V loops have a primordial length of 14 nt. Sequence-based alignments of type I and type II V loops gave deceptive results. Type II V loops are characterized by the trajectory of the V arm, the size and sequence of the loop and the first and last V loop nucleotides and their known contacts. Depending on the V arm trajectory, type II V stems and loops can be interaction sites for aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. So, type II V arms for tRNALeu, tRNASer and tRNATyr (found in Bacteria) were coevolved and selected to distinguish determinants to support cognate tRNA charging. The alignment of type I and type II V loops was adjusted based on tRNA evolution. Results are consistent with Archaea being an older and simpler life form than Bacteria. TRNAome sequences were derived from radiation of an ordered tRNAPri (Pri for primordial) sequence comprised of known RNA repeats and inverted repeats. V loop and tRNA sequences, therefore, convey a history of the primary successful pathway in the origin of life.
Keywords
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; chemical evolution; origin of life; primordial tRNA; RNA inverted repeats; RNA repeats; tRNA; tRNAome; variable loop
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
