Version 1
: Received: 16 July 2022 / Approved: 18 July 2022 / Online: 18 July 2022 (04:49:07 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 5 September 2023 / Approved: 6 September 2023 / Online: 7 September 2023 (04:05:46 CEST)
How to cite:
Rasul, A. Urban Sprawl and Its Influence on Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Bagdad City from 1985 to 2021. Preprints2022, 2022070248. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202207.0248.v1
Rasul, A. Urban Sprawl and Its Influence on Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Bagdad City from 1985 to 2021. Preprints 2022, 2022070248. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202207.0248.v1
Rasul, A. Urban Sprawl and Its Influence on Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Bagdad City from 1985 to 2021. Preprints2022, 2022070248. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202207.0248.v1
APA Style
Rasul, A. (2022). Urban Sprawl and Its Influence on Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Bagdad City from 1985 to 2021. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202207.0248.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Rasul, A. 2022 "Urban Sprawl and Its Influence on Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Bagdad City from 1985 to 2021" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202207.0248.v1
Abstract
Land Use Land Cover (LULC) change and urban growth have a significant influence on local climate of cities. From 1985 to 2021 the population of Baghdad increased by 103%. Therefore, the risen question is how this expansion influences the temperature of the city. The study aims to identify urban growth of Baghdad, investigate its influence on variation of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and identify the main factors that control the surface temperature of the city. Three Landsat images from 1985 to 2021, in addition to sixteen potential factors, were used in the study. Our findings suggest that during the study period, vegetated areas declined by 39% while built-up class increased by 139%. Bare soil recorded the highest surface temperature. The study found that surface temperature has a strong inverse relationship with vegetation (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI): r = -0.62, p < 0.001) and moisture (Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI): r = -0.65, p < 0.001). Therefore, increasing vegetation and water body lead to decrease temperature of the city. Our findings help policymakers to deal with climatic issues rising from urban growth of the city.
Keywords
Landsat; urban growth; Land Use Land Cover (LULC); remote sensing; urbanisation; NDVI
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Environmental Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
