Sosunov, A.; Ponomarev, R.; Zhuravlev, A.; Mushinsky, S.; Kuneva, M. Reduction in DC-Drift in LiNbO3-Based Electro-Optical Modulator. Photonics2021, 8, 571.
Sosunov, A.; Ponomarev, R.; Zhuravlev, A.; Mushinsky, S.; Kuneva, M. Reduction in DC-Drift in LiNbO3-Based Electro-Optical Modulator. Photonics 2021, 8, 571.
Sosunov, A.; Ponomarev, R.; Zhuravlev, A.; Mushinsky, S.; Kuneva, M. Reduction in DC-Drift in LiNbO3-Based Electro-Optical Modulator. Photonics2021, 8, 571.
Sosunov, A.; Ponomarev, R.; Zhuravlev, A.; Mushinsky, S.; Kuneva, M. Reduction in DC-Drift in LiNbO3-Based Electro-Optical Modulator. Photonics 2021, 8, 571.
Abstract
This work involves results of research on short-term and long-term DC-drifts in electro-optical modulators based on annealed proton exchange waveguides in LiNbO3 crystals after wafer pre-annealing. The relaxation time of the DC-drift of the operating point for a short-term drift is minutes, and for a long-term drift, hours and days. DC-drift was measured by applying bias voltage and changing crystal temperature. Obtained results shows significant impact on stability of operating point in EO-modulators after treatment of defective structure of the near-surface layer of a LiNbO3 crystal. Treatment of the disturbed near-surface layer of a LiNbO3 crystal results in twice reduction of short-term DC-drift and increase of operation stability of electro-optical modulators during long-term measurement of temperature by activation energy calculation.
Keywords
lithium niobate; electro-optical modulator; DC-drift; operating point
Subject
Physical Sciences, Optics and Photonics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
