Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Interaction between M. tuberculosis Lineage and Human Genetic Variants Reveals Novel Pathway Associations With Severity of TB

Michael McHenry
,
Eddie Wampande
ORCID logo ,
Moses Joloba
,
LaShaunda Malone
,
Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
,
William Bush
,
W Henry Boom
,
Scott Williams
,
Catherine Stein
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 30 September 2021 / Approved: 4 October 2021 / Online: 4 October 2021 (10:56:53 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

McHenry, M.L.; Wampande, E.M.; Joloba, M.L.; Malone, L.L.; Mayanja-Kizza, H.; Bush, W.S.; Boom, W.H.; Williams, S.M.; Stein, C.M. Interaction between M. tuberculosis Lineage and Human Genetic Variants Reveals Novel Pathway Associations with Severity of TB. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1487. McHenry, M.L.; Wampande, E.M.; Joloba, M.L.; Malone, L.L.; Mayanja-Kizza, H.; Bush, W.S.; Boom, W.H.; Williams, S.M.; Stein, C.M. Interaction between M. tuberculosis Lineage and Human Genetic Variants Reveals Novel Pathway Associations with Severity of TB. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1487.

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health threat globally, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Both human and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTBC) genetic variation affect TB outcomes, but few studies have examined if and how the two genomes interact to affect disease. We hypothesize that long-term coexistence between human genomes and MTBC lineages modulate disease to affect its severity. We examined this hypothesis in our TB household contact study in Kampala, Uganda, in which we identified 3 MTBC lineages of which one, L4.6-Uganda, is clearly derived and hence recent. We quantified TB severity using the Bandim TBscore and examined the interaction between MTBC lineage and human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genome-wide, in two independent cohorts of TB cases (N=149 and N=127). We found a significant interaction between a SNP in PPIAP2 and the Uganda lineage (combined p=4x10-8). PPIAP2 is a pseudogene that is highly expressed in immune cells. Pathway and eQTL analyses indicated potential roles between coevolving SNPs and cellular replication and metabolism as well as platelet aggregation and coagulation. This finding provides further evidence that host-pathogen interactions affect clinical presentation differently than host and pathogen genetic variation independently, and that human-MTBC coevolution is likely to explain patterns of disease severity.

Keywords

tuberculosis severity; M. tuberculosis; population genetics; lineage-based GWAS; M. tuberculosis-human coevolution

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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