Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights Into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios

Marleen Stuhr
* ORCID logo ,
Louise P. Cameron
,
Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer
,
Steve S. Doo
ORCID logo ,
Claire E. Reymond
ORCID logo ,
Hildegard Westphal
,
Albert Sickmann
,
Justin B. Ries
Version 1 : Received: 1 March 2021 / Approved: 2 March 2021 / Online: 2 March 2021 (15:52:01 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Stuhr, M.; Cameron, L.P.; Blank-Landeshammer, B.; Reymond, C.E.; Doo, S.S.; Westphal, H.; Sickmann, A.; Ries, J.B. Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios. Oceans 2021, 2, 281-314. Stuhr, M.; Cameron, L.P.; Blank-Landeshammer, B.; Reymond, C.E.; Doo, S.S.; Westphal, H.; Sickmann, A.; Ries, J.B. Divergent Proteomic Responses Offer Insights into Resistant Physiological Responses of a Reef-Foraminifera to Climate Change Scenarios. Oceans 2021, 2, 281-314.

Abstract

Reef-dwelling calcifiers face numerous environmental stresses associated with anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, including ocean acidification and warming. Photosymbiont-bearing calcifiers, such as large benthic foraminifera, are particularly sensitive. To gain insight into their resistance and adaptive mechanisms to climate change, Amphistegina lobifera from the Gulf of Aqaba were cultured under elevated pCO2 (492, 963, and 3182 ppm) fully-crossed with elevated temperature (28°C and 31°C) for two months. Differential protein abundances in host and photosymbionts amongst treatments were investigated alongside physiological responses and microenvironmental pH variations. Over 1000 proteins were identified, of which one-third varied significantly between treatments. Thermal stress induced protein depletions, along with reduced holobiont growth. Elevated pCO2 caused only minor proteomic alterations and color changes. However, combined stressors reduced pore sizes and increased microenvironmental pH, indicating adaptive modifications to gas exchange. Notably, substantial proteomic variations at moderate-pCO2 and 31°C indicate cellular stress, while stable physiological performance at high-pCO2 and 31°C is scrutinized by putative decreases in test stability. Our experiment shows that the effects of climate change can be missed when stressors are assessed in isolation, and that physiological responses should be assessed across organismal levels to make more realistic predictions for the fate of reef calcifiers.

Keywords

Amphistegina lobifera; Red Sea; pH microsensor; global warming; thermal stress; ocean acidification; large benthic foraminifera; coral reef; LC-MS/MS proteomics; photosymbiotic calcifier

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Anatomy and Physiology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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