Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

New Therapeutic Approaches to Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia: The Role of Ginkgo Biloba (EGb 761®)

Carlo Tomino
ORCID logo ,
Sara Ilari
,
Vincenzo Solfrizzi
,
Valentina Malafoglia
,
Guglielmo Zilio
,
Patrizia Russo
* ,
Federica Marcolongo
,
Giovanni Scapagnini
,
Carolina Muscoli
ORCID logo ,
Paolo Maria Rossini
Version 1 : Received: 5 February 2021 / Approved: 8 February 2021 / Online: 8 February 2021 (11:37:05 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Tomino, C.; Ilari, S.; Solfrizzi, V.; Malafoglia, V.; Zilio, G.; Russo, P.; Proietti, S.; Marcolongo, F.; Scapagnini, G.; Muscoli, C.; Rossini, P.M. Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia: The Role of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761®). Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 305. Tomino, C.; Ilari, S.; Solfrizzi, V.; Malafoglia, V.; Zilio, G.; Russo, P.; Proietti, S.; Marcolongo, F.; Scapagnini, G.; Muscoli, C.; Rossini, P.M. Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia: The Role of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761®). Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 305.

Abstract

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia are a clinically relevant health problem in the elderly and Alzheimer's disease being the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Furthermore, MCI and mild dementia are characterized by a deterioration of cognitive function and their diagnosis is mainly based on cognitive examination and, the prognosis of the disease seems to be an essential reason for the diagnosis, because there is a high risk of cognitive decline in the two syndromes. This review describes the effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba (EGb761®) leaf extract for the treatment of dementia syndrome and EGb761® combination therapy with other medications for symptomatic dementia. Tebonin® is a drug of plant origin based on the active ingredient “Ginkgo biloba”. This drug has shown encouraging results, improving cognitive function, neuropsychiatric disorders and consequent reduction of caregiver stress and maintenance of autonomy in patients with age-related cognitive decline, MCI and mild dementia. Nowadays, there is little evidence to support the efficacy of EGb761® combination therapy with anti-dementia drugs and, therefore, more evidence is needed to evaluate the role of EGb761® in mixed therapy.

Keywords

mild cognitive impairment (MCI); mild dementia; Alzheimer’s disease; Ginkgo biloba (EGb761®); Tebonin; anti-dementia drugs; randomized controlled trials

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Anatomy and Physiology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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