Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Digestibility of starch
Version 1
: Received: 30 April 2024 / Approved: 30 April 2024 / Online: 1 May 2024 (03:33:55 CEST)
How to cite: Šárka, E.; Smrčková, P.; Sluková, M. Digestibility of starch. Preprints 2024, 2024050006. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0006.v1 Šárka, E.; Smrčková, P.; Sluková, M. Digestibility of starch. Preprints 2024, 2024050006. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0006.v1
Abstract
Rapidly digestible starch can be obtained by gelatinization (cooking), cooking extrusion, use of small granule starch, breaking down starch granules, or by hydrolysis to maltodextrins. Resistant starch includes five groups: the first group is physically encapsulated starch within a food/polymer matrix, the second one is some native starch, the third one is recrystallized starch, the fourth one is chemically modified starch, and the fifth one is starch-lipid complexes. Starch digestion in the human body is also influenced by the degree of chewing, activity of α-amylase in the intestine, and transit time through the stomach and small intestine.
Resistant starch or dietary fiber (DF) enriches specific bacterial groups located in the large intes-tine. They produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gases, causes the lowering of the pH, and inhibits pathogens. SCFAs are considered endogenous signaling molecules, acting through their free fatty-acid receptors 2 and 3 which can trigger the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide PYY, being released together following a meal to mediate postprandial satiety. A sufficient intake of DF reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, hyperten-sion, colorectal cancer, and type 2 diabetes. Gluten matrix or phenolic compounds can lead to a low digestion rate of starch.
Keywords
reduction of overweight; soluble fiber; polyphenols; gluten-free foods; aging; digestive hormones; type 2 diabetes mellitus.; obesity
Subject
Public Health and Healthcare, Public Health and Health Services
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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