Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Many Faces of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Treatment: From the Mediterranean Diet to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Ludovico Abenavoli
* ORCID logo ,
Maria Luisa Gambardella
,
Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata
,
Ilaria Lenci
ORCID logo ,
Leonardo Baiocchi
,
Francesco Luzza
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 8 March 2024 / Approved: 11 March 2024 / Online: 11 March 2024 (09:46:07 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Abenavoli, L.; Gambardella, M.L.; Scarlata, G.G.M.; Lenci, I.; Baiocchi, L.; Luzza, F. The Many Faces of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Treatment: From the Mediterranean Diet to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation. Medicina 2024, 60, 563. Abenavoli, L.; Gambardella, M.L.; Scarlata, G.G.M.; Lenci, I.; Baiocchi, L.; Luzza, F. The Many Faces of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Treatment: From the Mediterranean Diet to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation. Medicina 2024, 60, 563.

Abstract

The gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by the gut microbiota. The main phyla are Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, now renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), an increase in Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes abundance promotes its pathogenesis and evolution into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. For this reason, an early treatment is necessary to disfavor its progression. The aim of the present narrative review is to evaluate the different therapeutic approaches to MAFLD. The most important treatment for MAFLD is lifestyle changes. In this regard, the Mediterranean diet could be considered the gold standard in the prevention and treatment of MAFLD. In contrast, a Western diet should be discouraged. Probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation seem to be valid, safe, and effective alternatives for MAFLD treatment. However, more studies with a longer follow up and with a larger cohort of patients are needed to underline the more effective ap-proaches to contrasting MAFLD.

Keywords

Steatosis; Probiotics; Gut-liver axis; Leaky gut

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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