Version 1
: Received: 1 February 2024 / Approved: 1 February 2024 / Online: 1 February 2024 (10:30:01 CET)
How to cite:
Pitton Rissardo, J.; Fornari Caprara, A.L. A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases. Preprints2024, 2024020070. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0070.v1
Pitton Rissardo, J.; Fornari Caprara, A.L. A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases. Preprints 2024, 2024020070. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0070.v1
Pitton Rissardo, J.; Fornari Caprara, A.L. A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases. Preprints2024, 2024020070. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0070.v1
APA Style
Pitton Rissardo, J., & Fornari Caprara, A.L. (2024). A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0070.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Pitton Rissardo, J. and Ana Leticia Fornari Caprara. 2024 "A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0070.v1
Abstract
Movement disorders can be associated with various drugs and systemic diseases, posing diagnostic challenges for clinicians. This review explores the spectrum of movement disorders associated with pharmacological agents and medical conditions. Drug-induced movement disorders encompass a broad range of conditions resulting from exposure to medications that affect several neurotransmitters. Neuroleptic medications can lead to tardive dyskinesia, characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements. Antipsychotics and antiemetics, including metoclopramide, may induce acute dystonic reactions. Other drugs, such as dopamine receptor-blocking agents, can contribute to drug-induced parkinsonism. Beyond medications, movement disorders can also arise secondary to systemic diseases. Metabolic disorders like Wilson's disease, characterized by copper accumulation, may manifest as chorea or dystonia. Inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus can result in secondary movement disorders due to autoimmune-mediated processes affecting the central nervous system. Movement disorders linked to drugs or systemic diseases often necessitate a thorough clinical evaluation, including detailed medication histories and comprehensive systemic assessments. Neuroimaging, laboratory investigations, and, in some cases, cerebrospinal fluid analyses and electrodiagnostic studies help in establishing accurate diagnoses. Management involves addressing the underlying cause, modifying medications, and employing symptomatic treatments.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
