Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

COVID-19 in Infants and Children under 2 years – Lung Ultrasound Score Correlated with Biomarkers and Symptoms

Emil Robert Stoicescu
ORCID logo ,
Jovan Lovrenski
,
Roxana Iacob
* ORCID logo ,
Simona Cerbu
,
Daniela Iacob
ORCID logo ,
Emil Radu Iacob
ORCID logo ,
Septimiu Radu Susa
,
Ioana Mihaiela Ciuca
ORCID logo ,
Andreea Ciornei-Hoffman
,
Cristian Oancea
ORCID logo ,
Diana Luminita Manolescu
Version 1 : Received: 30 November 2022 / Approved: 2 December 2022 / Online: 2 December 2022 (02:29:22 CET)

How to cite: Stoicescu, E.R.; Lovrenski, J.; Iacob, R.; Cerbu, S.; Iacob, D.; Iacob, E.R.; Susa, S.R.; Ciuca, I.M.; Ciornei-Hoffman, A.; Oancea, C.; Manolescu, D.L. COVID-19 in Infants and Children under 2 years – Lung Ultrasound Score Correlated with Biomarkers and Symptoms. Preprints 2022, 2022120036. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202212.0036.v1 Stoicescu, E.R.; Lovrenski, J.; Iacob, R.; Cerbu, S.; Iacob, D.; Iacob, E.R.; Susa, S.R.; Ciuca, I.M.; Ciornei-Hoffman, A.; Oancea, C.; Manolescu, D.L. COVID-19 in Infants and Children under 2 years – Lung Ultrasound Score Correlated with Biomarkers and Symptoms. Preprints 2022, 2022120036. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202212.0036.v1

Abstract

It is already well known that infants and children infected with COVID-19 develop mild to mod-erate forms of the disease, with fever and oropharyngeal congestion being the most common symptoms. Nevertheless, there are cases in which the patients accuse respiratory symptoms. These cases need lung evaluation, which can be done using lung ultrasound (LUS), because it is a non-irradiating and repeatable imaging technique. 19 children with COVID-19 pneumonia were eval-uated using LUS. The LUS score (LUSS) for each patient varied between 1 to 8 points from a max-imum of 36 points. The arithmetic mean was 4.47 ± 2.36 (S.D), while 95% CI for the Arithmetic mean was 3.33 to 5.61. The lung changes were correlated with their biomarkers, specifically in-flammatory markers. The correlation between LUSS and LDH, D-dimers and IL-6 was a strong positive one with r=0.66 (p=0.01, 95% CI 0.147 to 0.896) between the LUSS and LDH level at symptomatic infants and children (with cough present) and r=0.66 (p=0.01, 95% CI 0.140 to 0.895) between LUSS and D-dimers level at symptomatic infants and children (with cough pre-sent). The results suggest that LUS could be a good imaging technique that can be used both in ini-tial evaluation of children with respiratory diseases, and, also in their follow-up, correlated with symptoms and biomarkers.

Keywords

lung ultrasound; infants; children; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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