Version 1
: Received: 11 May 2024 / Approved: 13 May 2024 / Online: 13 May 2024 (11:11:06 CEST)
How to cite:
Ruta, S.; Popescu, C. P.; Matei, L.; Grancea, C.; Paun, A. M.; Oprea, C.; Sultana, C. SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in HIV-Positive Patients. Preprints2024, 2024050763. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0763.v1
Ruta, S.; Popescu, C. P.; Matei, L.; Grancea, C.; Paun, A. M.; Oprea, C.; Sultana, C. SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in HIV-Positive Patients. Preprints 2024, 2024050763. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0763.v1
Ruta, S.; Popescu, C. P.; Matei, L.; Grancea, C.; Paun, A. M.; Oprea, C.; Sultana, C. SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in HIV-Positive Patients. Preprints2024, 2024050763. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0763.v1
APA Style
Ruta, S., Popescu, C. P., Matei, L., Grancea, C., Paun, A. M., Oprea, C., & Sultana, C. (2024). SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in HIV-Positive Patients. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0763.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ruta, S., Cristiana Oprea and Camelia Sultana. 2024 "SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in HIV-Positive Patients" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0763.v1
Abstract
Immunosuppressed individuals, such as people living with HIV (PLWH), remain vulnerable to severe COVID-19. We analyzed the persistence of specific SARS-CoV-2 humoral and cellular immune responses in a retrospective, cross-sectional study in PLWH on antiretroviral therapy. Among 104 participants, 70.2% had anti-S IgG antibodies and 55.8% had significant neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant in a surrogate virus neutralization test. Only 38.5% were vaccinated (8.76 ± 4.1 months prior), all displaying anti-S IgG, 75% with neutralizing antibodies and anti-S IgA. 29.8% had no SARS-CoV-2 serologic markers and displayed significantly lower CD4 counts and HIV viral load. Severe immunosuppression (present in 12.5% of participants) was linked to lower levels of detectable anti-S IgG (0.0003), anti-S IgA (p < 0.0001) and lack of neutralizing activity against Omicron variant (p < 0.0001). T-cell responses were present in 86.7% of tested participants, even in those lacking serological markers. In PLWH without severe immunosuppression, neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses persisted for up to 9 months post-infection or vaccination. Advanced immunosuppression led to diminished humoral immunity, but retained cellular immune.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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