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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1667.v1

Antioxidant Effects of Aromatic Plant Extracts in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review

Youyang Zhu, Miao Tian, Yuliang Qin, Ting Zhao, Zhaofu Li, Dongdong Qin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Neurodegenerative diseases; Oxidative stress; Antioxidants; Aromatic plants extracts

Online: 20 September 2024 (20:20:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1641.v1

BMD, CTX-1, and Osteocalcin as Monitoring Parameters of Bone Remodelling in CML Patients Undergoing Imatinib Therapy: From Basic Science to Clinical Perspective

Nurita Indarwulan, Merlyna Savitri, Ami Ashariati, Ugroseno Yudho Bintoro, Muhammad Noor Diansyah, Putu Niken Ayu Amrita, Pradana Zaky Romadhon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia; Bone Mineral Density; Bone Turnover; Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor; CTX-1; Osteocalcin; Imatinib

Online: 20 September 2024 (15:06:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1651.v1

Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events with Monoclonal Antibodies Approved for Multiple Myeloma: An Analysis from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System

Giuseppe Cicala, Giulia Russo, Vincenza Santoro, Tindara Franchina, Nicola Silvestris, Mariacarmela Santarpia, Edoardo Spina, Maria Antonietta Barbieri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events; Multiple Myeloma; FAERS; Monoclonal Antibody; Pharmacovigilance

Online: 20 September 2024 (14:58:48 CEST)

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Background/Objectives: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionized multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. However, post-marketing data on their neuropsychiatric safety is limited. This study aimed to evaluate neuropsychiatric adverse events (AEs) related to mAbs used for MM through a retrospective pharmacovigilance analysis using the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) database. Methods: Individual case safety reports (ICSRs) from 2015 to 2023 with at least one neuropsy-chiatric AE and one of the MM-approved mAbs as the suspect drug (i.e., daratumumab, elo-tuzumab, isatuximab, belantamab mafodotin, teclistamab, elranatamab, and talquentamab) were analyzed using descriptive and disproportionality approaches. Results: Unknown signals of disproportionate reporting (SDR) included cerebral infarction for daratumumab (n = 45; reporting odds ratio (ROR) = 2.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.79-3.21; information component (IC) = 1.54, IC025-IC075 = 1.05-1.9), elotuzumab (25; 7.61, 5.13-11.28; 3.03, 2.37-3.51), and isatuximab (10; 2.56, 1.38-4.76; 1.67, 0.59-2.4); mental status changes for daratumumab (40; 2.66, 1.95-3.63; 1.67, 1.14-2.04) and belantamab mafodotin (10; 4.23, 2.28-7.88; 2.3, 1.22-3.03); altered state of consciousness for daratumumab (32; 1.97, 1.39-2.78; 1.32, 0.73-1.74) and belantamab mafodotin (6; 2.35, 1.05-5.23; 1.6, 0.19-2.52); Guil-lain-Barre syndrome (GBS) for daratumumab (23; 6.42, 4.26-9.69; 2.81, 2.11-3.3), isatuximab (8; 10.72, 5.35-21.48; 3.57, 2.35-4.37), and elotuzumab (3; 4.74, 1.53-14.7; 2.59, 0.52-3.8); and orthos-tatic intolerance for daratumumab (10; 12.54, 6.71-23.43; 3.75, 2.67-4.48) and elontuzumab (4; 28.31, 10.58-75.73; 5 , 3.24-6.08). Conclusions: Our analysis highlighted several previously unacknowledged SDRs for MM-approved mAbs. Given the complex and not entirely understood etiology of some neuropsy-chiatric AEs, including GBS, further investigations are necessary.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1645.v1

Unexpected Hepatoprotective Effects of the Neuroproteсtor Lithium Ascorbate in a Model of a ʺWesternʺ Diet with Iron Overload and Multiple Organ Pathology

Ivan Torshin, Olga Gromova, Tatiana Bogacheva, Vadim Demidov, Vyacheslav Rastashansky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: neuroprotectors; lithium therapy; fatty liver disease; animal models; hepatoprtection; iron overload; hemosiderosis; chemoinformatics; intelligent data analysis (data mining); lithium ascorbate

Online: 20 September 2024 (14:58:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1675.v2

Participation of the Oxidative Stress in Aortic Valves Associated with Infective Endocarditis; Report of Three Cases

María Elena Soto, Linaloe Manzano-Pech, Verónica Guarner-Lans, Hugo Rodríguez-Zanella, Israel Pérez-Torres, Elizabeth Soria-Castro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Infective endocarditis; Oxidative stress; Cardiac valve; Antioxidant enzymes; Redox homeostasis

Online: 20 September 2024 (14:55:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1633.v1

Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1C) in Cardiac Surgery; a Narrative Review

Suvitesh Luthra, Laura Viola, Manoraj Navaratnarajah, David Thirukumaran, Theodore Velissaris

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: glycated haemoglobin; cardiac surgery; HbA1c; clinical outcomes; diabetes mellitus

Online: 20 September 2024 (13:17:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1575.v1

Can We Improve the FIGO Risk Score? Developing the In-FIGO Score for Patients with Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia

Katia Roque, Rossana Ruiz, M.A. Galvez-Nino, Melanie Castro-Mollo, Iris Otoya, Yomali Ferreyra, Ofelia Coanqui, Mivael Olivera, Natalia Valdiviezo, Ramon Andrade De Mello, Luis Mas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN); Nutritional prognostic index (PNI); Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR); Complete response to chemotherapy (CR); Overall survival (OS)

Online: 20 September 2024 (11:49:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1576.v1

The Dynamic Role of Curcumin in Mitigating Human Illnesses: Recent Advances in Therapeutic Applications

Shamshir Alam, Md Jamir Anwar, Manish Kumar Maity, Faizul Azam, Mariusz Jaremko, Abdul-Hamid Emwas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Curcumin; turmeric; anti-inflammatory; anticancer; antibacterial; antifungal; antioxidant

Online: 20 September 2024 (11:49:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1619.v1

Comparison of Novel Hematological Biomarkers in Alopecia Areata and Other Not-Cicatricial Alopecia: A Retrospective Study

Antonella Di Cesare, Elia Rosi, Ilaria Scandagli, Francesca Prignano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: alopecia areata; telogen effluvium; androgenic alopecia; psoriasis; hidradenitis suppurativa; blood cells count; NLR; PLR; MLR; SII; PIV

Online: 20 September 2024 (11:32:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1612.v1

Combinations of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. and Terminalia chebula Retz. Extracts with Selected Antibiotics Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: Bioactivity and Phytochemistry

Gagan Tiwana, Ian Edwin Cock, Matthew James Cheesman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: MRSA; ESBL; plant extracts; natural therapies; combinational therapies; metabolomics

Online: 20 September 2024 (11:27:47 CEST)

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worsening global health crisis that has arisen due to antibiotic overuse and misuse. Antibiotic resistance renders standard treatments less effective, making it difficult to control some infections, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality. Medicinal plants are sustainable treatment options that are becoming increasingly important as antibiotics lose their efficacies. The present study evaluates the antibacterial activity of aqueous, methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts prepared using Terminalia bellirica and Terminalia chebula fruit against six bacterial pathogens using disc diffusion and broth microdilution assays. The aqueous and methanol extracts of T. bellirica and T. chebula showed substantial zones of inhibition (ZOIs) against S. aureus and MRSA. The activity against those bacteria was determined to be strong, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 94 µg/mL to 392 µg/mL. Additionally, the T. bellirica methanolic extract showed noteworthy antibacterial activity against E. coli and an ESBL E. coli strain (MIC values of 755 µg/mL for both). The aqueous T. bellirica and T. chebula extracts also inhibited K. pneumoniae growth (MIC values of 784 µg/mL and 556 µg/mL respectively), whilst the methanolic extracts of these plants also inhibited ESBL K. pneumoniae growth (MIC values of 755 µg/mL and 1509 µg/mL respectively). Eighteen additive interactions were observed when extracts were combined with reference antibiotics. Notably, strong antagonistic interactions occurred when any of the extracts were mixed with polymyxin B. All extracts were subjected to LC-MS analysis, revealing several interesting flavonoids and tannins, including 6-galloylglucose, 1,2,6-trigalloyl-β-D-glucopyranose, 6-O-[(2E)-3-phenyl-2-propenoyl]-1-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucopyranose, propyl gallate, methyl gallate, sanguiin H4, hamamelitannin, pyrogallol, gallic acid, ellagic acid, chebulic acid, and chebuloside II. All extracts were nontoxic when tested in brine shrimp assays. This lack of toxicity, combined with their antibacterial activities suggests that these plant species may be promising sources of antibacterial compound(s) that warrant further study.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1515.v1

Muscle Fatigue in Health and Disease

Payam Dibaj, Uwe Windhorst

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Muscle Fatigue; Peripheral and Central Fatigue; Neurological Diseases; Group III/IV Muscle Afferents

Online: 20 September 2024 (11:01:17 CEST)

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An untrained couch potato involuntarily forced to undergo a long strenuous exercise towards exhaustion will feel it at the end as a discomforting fatigue. A well-trained athlete will feel the same but after a longer time. Patients of various neurological diseases will do so much earlier. All may also finally experience muscle pain and soreness the next day.Muscle fatigue is an exercise-induced reduction in maximal voluntary muscle force. Muscle fatigability varies with muscle use, age and sex. It is commonly divided into two broad categories: peripheral and central fatigue. The first refers to the many processes in the fatiguing muscle(s), the second to subsequent processes in the central nervous system (CNS). Peripheral muscle fatigue can be caused by numerous different mechanisms, ranging from the accumulation of metabolites within muscle fibers to their damage. Central fatigue involves the inadequacy of the CNS to generate and maintain sufficiently strong motor command. There must of course be a mediator relating the two fatigue types, and this is the collection of small-diameter group III (Aδ) and IV (C) nerve fibers emanating from the muscle and distributing their activation effects throughout the CNS.Muscle fatigue develops during eventually exhausting exercise that goes along with activations of the cardio-vascular and respiratory system to supply oxygen and energy resources. While these functions are supported by a number of sensory afferents, fatigue-activated group III/IV muscle afferents have been proposed to contribute their share to cardio-vascular and ventilatory reflex responses that are mediated in the brainstem. Neural feedback from working skeletal muscle is a vital component in providing a high capacity for endurance exercise because muscle perfusion and O₂ delivery determine the fatigability of skeletal muscle (Amann 2012).The development of chronic muscle fatigue is related to muscle wasting mediated by aging, myopathies, muscle dystrophies, immobilization, insulin resistance, diseases associated with systemic inflammation (arthritis, sepsis, infections), trauma, cardio-vascular (heart failure) and respiratory disorders (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)), chronic kidney failure, multiple sclerosis (MS), and, more recently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1585.v1

Recent Advances in Ocular Drug Delivery: Insights into Lyotropic Liquid Crystals

Samer Adwan, Madeiha Qasmieh, Faisal Al-Akayleh, Ahmed S.A. Ali Agha

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Ocular drug delivery; Lyotropic liquid crystals; Liquid crystal nanoparticles; Cubosomes; Bulk-forming; Machine learning; Biosensing applications

Online: 20 September 2024 (10:21:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1569.v1

Circulating Blood-Brain Barrier Proteins for Differentiating Ischaemic Stroke Patients from Stroke Mimics

Pragati Kakkar, Meaad Almusined, Tarun Kakkar, Theresa Munyombwe, Linetty Makawa, Kirti Kain, Ahamad Hassan, Sikha Saha

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Ischaemic stroke, Blood-brain barrier, NIHSS, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, Biomarker

Online: 20 September 2024 (10:20:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1570.v1

Comparative Efficacy of Different Pharmacological Treatments for Pityriasis Rosea: A Network Meta-Analysis

Giulia Ciccarese, Antonio Facciorusso, Astrid Herzum, Cristian Fidanzi, Sebastiano Recalcati, Caterina Foti, Francesco Drago

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: pityriasis rosea; acyclovir; treatment.; exanthem

Online: 20 September 2024 (10:11:53 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1591.v1

Clinical and Pathologic Features Associated with Low Circulating Tumor DNA Fraction in Endometrial and Ovarian Cancers

Mark Vater, Alison Garrett, Katharine Collier, Peter Rose, Gabriel Tinoco, Ava Strahan, Daniel G Stover, Haider Mahdi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: circulating tumor DNA; tumor fraction; ultra low-pass whole-genome sequencing

Online: 20 September 2024 (09:53:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1586.v1

Anesthesia for Bronchoscopy-An Update

Basavana Goudra, Lalitha Sundararaman, Prarthna Chandar, Michael Green

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: Bronchoscopy; remimazolam; dexmedetomidine; navigational bronchoscopy; endobronchial valve; thermoplasty

Online: 20 September 2024 (07:24:04 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1584.v1

Diffuse Neurofibroma of the Scalp Associated with Debilitating Headaches: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review

Michelle R. Anthony, Dory Esther Arevalo Salazar, Christopher Farkouh, Parsa Abdi, Faiza Amatul-Hadi, Achyut K. Bhattacharya

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: neurofibroma; headache; histopathological; peripheral nerve sheath tumor

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:57:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1561.v1

Assessment of Procrastination Levels and Demographic Associations Among Nursing Students in Bengaluru Colleges

Sini George

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Procrastination; Nursing students; Time management; Academic performance; Demographic factors

Online: 20 September 2024 (05:44:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1373.v1

Endoscopic Management of Post-Esophagectomy Delayed-Gastric-Conduit-Emptying (DGCE): Results from a Cohort Study in a Tertiary Referral Center with Comparison between Procedures

Giuseppe Dell’Anna, Francesco Vito Mandarino, Jacopo Fanizza, Ernesto Fasulo, Alberto Barchi, Rukaia Barà, Edoardo Vespa, Edi Viale, Francesco Azzolini, Lorella Fanti, Silvia Battaglia, Francesco Puccetti, Andrea Cossu, Ugo Elmore, Lorenzo Fuccio, Vito Annese, Alberto Malesci, Riccardo Rosati, Silvio Danese

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: delayed gastric conduit emptying; esophagectomy; endoscopic pneumatic dilation; botulinum toxin ;

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:26:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1556.v1

Enhancing Blood Glucose Control in Individuals with Prediabetes who Are Overweight/Obese: A Randomized Clinical Trial Utilizing Individualized Nutrition Therapy and Continuous Glucose Monitoring

Raedeh Basiri, Lawrence J. Cheskin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Prediabetes; Diabetes; CGM; Blood Glucose Control; Time in Range; Glucose CV%; Individualized nutrition therapy; Personalized nutrition; Overweight; Obesity; Nutrition education

Online: 19 September 2024 (20:14:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1559.v1

Serum Otoconin-90 and Otolin-1 Levels in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Demet Aygun, Seyma Dumur, Mehmet Nuri Elgormus, Mehmet Serkan Alpaslan, Hafize Uzun

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; otolith‑associated protein otoconin‑90; otolin-1; vitamin D

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:45:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1547.v1

Reducing Polypharmacy Through Team Resource Management in the Emergency Department: A Focus on Deprescribing in Elderly Patients

Hsiu-Wu Yang, Ching-Hsiang Yu, Teng-Yi Huang, Chia-Hui Huang, Yu-Jang Su

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: comprehensive medication review; deprescribing; medication; polypharmacy

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:44:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1534.v1

Efficacy of Uromune® Autovaccine in Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Management: A Unicenter Retrospective Study in Reus, Spain

Simona Iftimie, Paula Ladero-Palacio, Ana F. López-Azcona, Laia Pujol-Galarza, Antoni Pont-Salvadó, Xavier Gabaldó-Barrios, Jorge Joven, Jordi Camps, Antoni Castro, Mercè Pascual-Queralt

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: antibiotic resistance; immunotherapy; recurrent urinary tract infections; sublingual bacterial lysate; Uromune®; vaccine

Online: 19 September 2024 (15:38:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1558.v1

Fenoldopam for Renal Protection in Cardiac Surgery: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications, and Evolving Perspectives

Giuseppe Cuttone, Luigi La Via, Giovanni Misseri, Giulio Geraci, Massimiliano Sorbello, Federico Pappalardo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury; AKI; Renoprotection; Dopamine-1 Receptor Agonist; Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Renal Blood Flow; Pharmacological Intervention; Perioperative Care

Online: 19 September 2024 (14:52:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1550.v1

Emerging Role of Natriuretic Peptides in Diabetes Care: A Brief Review of Pertinent Recent Literature

Dipti Tiwari, Tar Choon Aw

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: BNP; Diabetes; Heart Failure; Natriuretic Peptides; NT-proBNP

Online: 19 September 2024 (14:51:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1542.v1

Evaluation of Apical Irrigant Extrusion Using Two Er:YAG Laser-Activated Irrigation Modes with Three Types of Laser Tips – an Ex Vivo Model

Damir Šnjarić, Jelena Vidas Hrstić, Ivana Brekalo Pršo, Roeland De Moor, Ivona Bago

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Er:YAG; laser-activated irrigation; photon-induced photoacoustic streaming; root canal; sodium hypochlorite; shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming

Online: 19 September 2024 (13:54:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1456.v1

3D Stereophotogrammetry in the Evaluation of Pediatric OSAS: Preliminary Results

Marzia Segu, Valentina Fainardi, Christian Longhi, Antonio Santagostini, Benedetta Vaienti, Marco Di Blasio, Sara Tagliaferri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: sleep apnea syndrome; sleep disturbance; facial morphology; orthodontic; stereophotogrammetric method

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:47:26 CEST)

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Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction and involves intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation, with potentially serious consequences for affected patients. (1–3). Although nocturnal polysomnography is the gold standard, it is an exam that is not readily available and is very expensive. (4). Hence, the need to find new diagnostic methods. Considering that the causes of OSAS can be divided into anatomical-structural ones, related to craniofacial anomalies, it has been hypothesized that anthropometric measurements taken by new 3D stereophotogrammetric systems could be useful as a diagnostic tool in pediatric patients with OSAS (5) (6). The primary objective of the study is, therefore, to evaluate the correlation between mandibular length measured between menton and gonion, obtained through 3D stereophotogrammetry using the "Face Scanner maxi 6", and the severity of OSAS (AHI classification), defined by the score of the Sleep Clinical Record (SCR) questionnaire in a group of pediatric patients with suspected obstructive sleep disorders. The secondary objective concerns the identification of possible correlations between other mandibular parameters estimated by 3D stereophotogrammetry and the severity of OSAS, defined by the McGill Oximetry Score (MOS), and the association between MOS and SCR to determine the AHI level. Materials and methods: The study considered patients who were prescribed a pulseoximetry exam due to suspected obstructive sleep disorders. All participating patients underwent a specialized orthodontic examination, which included completing the SCR questionnaire and taking facial photographs using a 3D stereophotogrammetric system. The SCR questionnaire considers 11 dental, nasal, oropharyngeal, and facial phenotype parameters to determine a final score from 0 to 18, indicating the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The acquired stereophotogrammetric images were processed using dedicated software to obtain a three-dimensional model representing the patient's facial phenotype. Subsequently, anatomical landmarks and relevant anthropometric measurements were identified on the model, and it was assessed whether one or more of these showed concordance criteria with the parameters derived from SCR and MOS. The anthropometric evaluation was performed by expert operators, taking into account mandibular variables. Results: Fifteen patients were analyzed, with 2 excluded due to alterations in the stereophotogrammetric images caused by poor patient cooperation during the acquisition of the photographs. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between anthropometric measurements, obtained by 3D stereophotogrammetry, and OSAS severity, by means of SCR, MOS, and SCR+MOS. A significant and negative correlation was observed between right mandibular length (gonion-menton) and MOS (ρ=−0.586, p=0.036). Conclusions: The result obtained has important implications for the field of study and suggests that future attention should focus more on the mandibular length variable as a determining factor for OSAS. However, the sample examined was relatively small, which might obscure the correlation with contralateral mandibular length and potential correlations with other mandibular/facial parameters. Additionally, the small sample size prevented stratification by sex and age. The study thus provides an important contribution to understanding the relationships between 3D stereophotogrammetry and pediatric OSAS but also highlights the need for further research that could potentially influence future developments in diagnosing OSAS in children.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1531.v1

Exclusive Enteral Nutrition as Induction Therapy for Paediatric Crohn Disease – Efficacy, Outcomes and Predictors of Response over a Ten-Year Period

Stephanie Brown, Catherine L Wall, Chris Frampton, Richard Blair Gearry, Andrew S Day

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn's disease; paediatric; nutrition; exclusive enteral nutrition

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:37:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1519.v1

Chronic Rheumatologic Disease in Chikungunya Virus Fever: Results from a Cohort Study Conducted in Piedecuesta, Colombia

Anyela Lozano-Parra, Víctor Herrera, Carlos Calderón, Reynaldo Badillo, Rosa Margarita Gélvez Ramírez, María Isabel Estupiñán Cárdenas, José Fernando Lozano Jiménez, Luis Ángel Villar, Elsa Marina Rojas Garrido

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Chikungunya; chronic rheumatism; rheumatic disease; fatigue; quality of life

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:21:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1455.v1

Reduction of Blood Oxidative Stress Following Colorectal Cancer Resection

Katsuji Sawai, Takanori Goi, Youhei Kimura, Kenji Koneri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: colorectal cancer resection; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen metabolite derivatives; biologic antioxidant potential

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:13:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1485.v1

The Long-term Rate of Repeat Surgery After Optimal Excision Surgery of Endometriosis at a Single Tertiary Referral Center

Patrick Yeung, Ayesha Mohan, Jeffrey Gavard

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometriosis; excision surgery; hormonal suppression; repeat surgery; second-look surgery

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:57:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1478.v1

Possible Mechanisms and Strategies for Immune Therapy Resistance in Gastric Cancer

Xu Yuyu, Shen Huiling

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: gastric cancer; immunotherapy; Immune resistance; biomarker

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:49:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1480.v1

Dietary Supplementation of Pistacia lentiscus L.,: An Hepato-protective Potential Against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene Carcinogen in C57BL/6 Mice, Alongside In Vitro Anti-Cancer Efficacy

Omayma ABIDI, Imen Hammami, Jed Jebali, Najet Srairi-Abid, Ali S. Alqahtani, Bernard Gressier, Bruno Eto, Ouajdi SOUILEM

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Phytotherapy; Pistacia lentiscus; Bio-compounds; Antioxidant potential; 7,12-di-41 mé; thylbenz(a)anthracè; ne; Hepato-protective; Anti-breast cancer

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:48:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1458.v1

Effect of Exposure to Blue Light from Electronic Devices and the Mediterranean Diet on Macular Pigment

Marta-C. García-Romera, Víctor Ponce-García, Úrsula Torres-Parejo, Alfredo López-Muñoz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: macular pigment optical density; blue light exposured; exposure to LEDs; Mediterranean diet; Catorenoids

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:25:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1494.v1

Ten Weeks of Fucoidan Supplementation Enhances Exercise Performance and Increases the Abundance of Beneficial Gut Bacteria in Mice Regardless of the Diet

Cheng Yang, Corinna Dwan, Barbara Wimmer, Richard Wilson, Luke Johnson, Vanni Caruso

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Fucoidans; Undaria pinnatifida; exercise performance; gut microbiome; Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio; Mitochondrial biogenesis; IGF-1; COX4; MYH1

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:16:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1475.v1

Predictive Value of Serum VEGF Levels in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review

Eleni Kokkotou, Andriani G. Charpidou, Nikolaos K. Syrigos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); VEGF receptors (VEGFRs); Angiogenesis; Biomarker; Tumor angiogenesis

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:16:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1499.v1

Evaluation of the Use of Methylation as a New Tool for the Diagnostics and Progression of Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions

Marcin Przybylski, Sonja Millert-Kalińska, Agata Lis, Ewa Pelc, Przemysław Konopelski, Robert Jach, Dominik Pruski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: methylation; risk of progression; observation of LSIL and HSIL; fertility-sparing of HSIL; new marker of progression

Online: 19 September 2024 (10:56:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1386.v1

Lipid Deposition in Skeletal Muscle Tissues and Its Correlation with Intra-abdominal Fat: A Pilot Investigation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Manoj Kumar Sarma, Andres Saucedo, Suresh Anand Sadananthan, Christine H Darwin, Ely Richard Felker, Steve Raman, Sambasivam Sendhil Velan, Michael Albert Thomas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: MR spectroscopic imaging; calf muscle lipids and metabolites; intra-abdominal fat; type 2 diabetes mellitus

Online: 19 September 2024 (08:55:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1382.v1

Global Trends and Collaborative Dynamics in Intestinal Behçet’s Disease Research: A Comprehensive Network Analysis from 2000 to 2023

Naruaki Ogasawara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Gastroenterology; Immunology; Inflammatory diseases; Intestinal Behç; et’ s Disease; co-authorship network analysis; network analysis; research collaboration; research trend analysis; research trends; key researchers; research strategies; internal medicine; planning future collaborative studies

Online: 19 September 2024 (08:54:02 CEST)

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Aim: This study aims to analyze the collaborative structure of Intestinal Behçet’s Disease (IBD) research by examining co-authorship networks in publications indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection from 2000 to 2023. The goal is to identify key researchers, institutions, and collaboration patterns that have shaped the field over the past two decades. Method: This study utilized network analysis techniques to evaluate 484 publications related to IBD research indexed in the WoS Core Collection between 2000 and 2023. The analysis was conducted using Python (Version 3.10.5) in the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3). The co-authorship networks were assessed using macro-level indicators such as network density (the ratio of actual to possible connections), clustering coefficient (degree of node clustering), number of components (distinct connected subgroups), and average path length (average distance between nodes). Micro-level indicators including degree centrality (importance based on the number of connections), closeness centrality (proximity to other nodes), and betweenness centrality (frequency of a node on the shortest paths between others) were also analyzed.Result: From 2000 to 2009, the co-authorship network was highly fragmented with a low network density of 0.0114 and 84 distinct components, indicating limited collaboration. Key contributors during this period included Kim, Won Ho, and Cheon, Jae Hee (South Korea), who played central roles in connecting disparate research clusters. In the following decade (2010-2019), network density decreased slightly to 0.0086, and the number of components increased to 113, reflecting continued fragmentation despite growing research output. However, from 2020 to 2023, network density increased to 0.0171, and the number of components decreased to 73, indicating a trend towards greater integration and collaboration. Notable researchers in this period included Emmi, Giacomo (Italy), and Hatemi, Gulen (Turkey), who emerged as central figures, highlighting a shift in research leadership from Asia to Europe..Conclusion: The co-authorship network analysis of IBD research reveals an evolving collaborative landscape with increasing network density and decreasing fragmentation over time, particularly in the most recent period. From 2000 to 2019, Japanese and Korean researchers were prominent contributors, highlighting the significance of Asia in the global research arena. However, since 2020, researchers from Italy and Turkey have gained significant international prominence, suggesting a shift in the research focus from Asia to Europe. This transition may be attributed to changes in the incidence rates of IBD, where rapid increases were observed in Asian countries like Japan, Korea, and China until 2020, followed by stabilization or decline, while incidence rates have been increasing in European countries such as Italy and Turkey. These findings underscore the importance of expanding international collaborations to enhance the understanding of IBD. Fostering global partnerships could further advance the field, promoting more integrated and innovative research efforts, and addressing the shifting dynamics of IBD prevalence across regions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1359.v1

Anti-Herpetic Activity of Killer Peptide (KP): An In Vitro Study

Arianna Sala, Francesco Ricchi, Laura Giovati, Stefania Conti, Tecla Ciociola, Claudio Cermelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides; HSV-1; HSV-2; antivirals; Killer Peptide (KP)

Online: 19 September 2024 (08:45:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1465.v1

Cephalometric Evaluation of Facial Height Ratio and Growth Patterns: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Andra Alexandra Stăncioiu, Floare Vasica, Riham Nagib, Adelina Popa, Alexandru Cătălin Motofelea, Anca Adriana Hușanu, Camelia Alexandrina Szuhanek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: digital cephalometric analysis; sagittal relationship; normodivergent; hypodivergent; hyperdivergent; Jarabak’ s ratio; growth pattern; orthodontics

Online: 19 September 2024 (05:36:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1460.v1

Usage of the Anemia Control Model Is Associated with Reduced Hospitalization Risk in Hemodialysis

Mario Garbelli, Maria Eva Baro Salvador, Abraham Rincon Bello, Diana Samaniego Toro, Francesco Bellocchio, Luca Fumagalli, Milena Chermisi, Christian Apel, Jovana Petrovic, Dana Kendzia, Jasmine Ion Titapiccolo, Julianna Yeung, Carlo Barbieri, Flavio Mari, Len Usvyat, John Larkin, Stefano Stuard, Luca Neri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD); anemia management; erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA); Artificial Intelligence (AI); Personalized Medicine

Online: 19 September 2024 (03:42:50 CEST)

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Introduction. The management of anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD-An) presents significant challenges for nephrologists due to variable responsiveness to erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESA), hemoglobin (Hb) cycling, and multiple clinical factors affecting erythropoiesis. The Anemia Control Model (ACM) is a decision support system designed to personalize anemia treatment, which has shown improvements in achieving Hb targets, reducing ESA doses, and maintaining Hb stability. This study aimed at evaluating the association between ACM-guided anemia management with hospitalizations and survival in a large cohort of hemodialysis patients. Methods. This mul-ti-center, retrospective cohort study evaluated adult hemodialysis patients within the European Fresenius Medical Care NephroCare network from 2014 to 2019. Patients treated according to ACM recommendations were compared to those from centers without ACM. Data on demographics, comorbidities, and dialysis treatment were used to compute a propensity score estimating the like-lihood of receiving ACM-guided care. The primary endpoint was hospitalizations during follow-up; the secondary endpoint was survival. A 1:1 propensity score-matched design was used to minimize confounding bias. Results. A total of 20,209 eligible patients were considered (reference group: 17,101; ACM adherent group: 3,108). Before matching, the mean age was 65.3±14.5 years, with 59.2% men. Propensity score matching resulted in two groups of 1,950 patients each. Matched ACM adherent and non-ACM patients showed negligible differences in baseline characteristics. Hospi-talization rates were lower in the ACM group both before matching (71.3 vs. 82.6 per 100 per-son-years, p<0.001) and after matching (74.3 vs. 86.7 per 100 person-years, p<0.001). During fol-low-up, 385 patients died, showing no significant survival benefit for ACM-guided care (hazard ratio = 0.93; p=0.51). Conclusions: ACM-guided anemia management was associated with a sig-nificant reduction in hospitalization risk among hemodialysis patients. These results further support the utility of ACM as a decision support tool enhancing anemia management in clinical practice.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1419.v1

Synthesis of oxymethyl derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamides and their biological activities

Ekaterina Mikhina, Daria Stepanycheva, Varvara P. Maksimova, Olga N. Sineva, Natalya N. Markelova, Lyubov Grebenkina, Ekaterina A. Lesovaya, Marianna G. Yakubovskaya, Andrey V. Matveev, Ekaterina M. Zhidkova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamides; ribavirin; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; chronic myeloid leukemia; cancer treatment; antimicrobial effect

Online: 19 September 2024 (03:41:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1428.v1

What Clinicians Should Tell Their Patients about Wearable Devices and Data Privacy

Joseph V. Pergolizzi, Jo Ann LeQuang, Salah El-Tallawy, Giustino Varrassi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Healthcare; Wearable medical devices; people-generated health data (PGHD); Privacy; AI

Online: 19 September 2024 (03:40:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1408.v1

Extrarenal Visceral Arteries Injuries During Left Radical Nephrectomy: A 50-Year Continuing Problem

Marco Catarci, Leonardo Antonio Montemurro, Michele Benedetti, Paolo Ciano, Massimiliano Millarelli, Roberto Chiappa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Superior mesenteric artery injuries; celiac trunk injuries; left radical nephrectomy

Online: 19 September 2024 (03:19:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1425.v1

Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Access to Critical Procedures in Patients Hospitalized with Cirrhosis Complications

Miriam M. Sanchez, Chris A. Sabillon, Thomas G. Cotter, Marlyn J. Mayo, Kevin A. Sanchez, Chukwuma Egwim, Anunaya Aashish

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Decompensated Cirrhosis; Portal Hypertension; Health Disparities; Hepatology; TIPS; EGD; Liver transplantation

Online: 18 September 2024 (15:30:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1438.v1

Importance of Lactobacilli for Human Health

Piotr B. Heczko, Milena Giemza, Weronika Ponikiewska, Magdalena Strus

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Lactobacillus, gut- vaginal- microbiota, neonates, innate immunity

Online: 18 September 2024 (14:19:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1430.v1

Preclinical evaluation of Electronic Health Records (EHR) to predict poor control of chronic respiratory diseases in primary care: a novel approach to focus our efforts

Fernando M. Navarro Ros, José David Maya Viejo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: asthma; COPD; electronic health records; clinical predictors; primary care

Online: 18 September 2024 (14:05:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2167.v2

Evaluation of Compliance and Accuracy in Parkinson's Disease Motor Symptom Tracking: A Comparative Study of Digital and Traditional Paper Diaries Using a Smartphone Application (My Parkinson’s)

Nazlı Durmaz Çelik, Aslı Yaman Kula, Naci Murat, Müge Kuzu Kumcu, Aydan Topal, Serhat Özkan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Parkinson’ s Disease; Mobile Applications; Parkinson’ s disease digital diary

Online: 18 September 2024 (13:40:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1413.v1

Sodium, Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase as a Potential Target of the Anti-Tuberculosis Agents, Clofazimine and Bedaquiline

Khomotso Mmakola, Helen Steel, Mohamed Said, Moliehi Potjo, Mieke van der Mescht, Nomsa Hlatshwayo, Pieter Meyer, Gregory Tintinger, Ronald Anderson, Moloko Cholo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Bedaquiline; clofazimine; cardiomyocytes; cellular viability; multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis; sodium, potassium-adenosine triphosphatase; adenosine triphosphate

Online: 18 September 2024 (13:05:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1411.v1

Relationship Between Condylar and Ramal Asymmetries and ABO and RH Blood Groups: A Pilot Study

Mehmet Emrah Polat, Halil Ibrahim Durmus, Mehmet Gül

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Blood groups; Condylar Asymmetry; Ramal Asymmetry

Online: 18 September 2024 (13:03:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1402.v1

Histological Findings of Resected Tracheal Ring in SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative Tracheostomized Patients

Nieves Mata-Castro, Raul Castañeda Vozmediano, Cristian Perna, Carlos Prada, Lorena Sanz López

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Otolaryngology Keywords: tracheostomy; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; histopathology

Online: 18 September 2024 (12:39:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1362.v1

Prolonged Visual Evoked Potential Latencies in Dogs Naturally Infected with Canine Distemper Virus

Mary Gutiérrez, Luis Delucchi, Alejandro Bielli, José Manuel Verdes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: canine distemper virus; dogs; electrophysiology; increased latency; veterinary neurology; visual evoked potentials

Online: 18 September 2024 (12:34:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1392.v1

Cannabis for Tic Control: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Its Efficacy in Tourette Syndrome Management

Dr. Govind Singh Mann, Dr. Ahmed Farid Gadelmawla, Dr. Ali Dway, Fathima Hayathi Fayaz, Dr. Eleni Asfaw Kebede, Nandha Kumar Varadharaj, Dr. Ayesha Akram, Aneeza Khan, Dr. Uchechi Blessing Azuwike, Dr. Bharath Kanumuri Sampangi, Dr. Oluwaseun Adeolu Ogundijo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cannabinoids; Tourette Syndrome; Tics; Endocannabinoid system

Online: 18 September 2024 (12:00:51 CEST)

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Background:Tourette syndrome (TS) is a characterized by motor and vocal tics, often accompanied by obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Cannabis-based medicines (CBM) present a promising avenue for future therapeutic intervention owing to their interaction with the endocannabinoid system, potentially mitigating tics and associated symptoms. Unlike conventional treatments such as antipsychotics, CBM exhibits improved tolerability and reduced side effects. While the available evidence is still limited, ongoing research underscores the potential of CBM to enhance the quality of life for patients, establishing it as a pivotal area for future therapeutic advancements in TS. Aim: In our systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to assess the effectiveness of cannabis-based medicine (CBM) in the treatment of Tourette Syndrome. Methods: We searched in electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Cochrane Collaboration Database of Randomized Trials) was performed to identify cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to 18th June 2024. Data extraction focused on baseline characteristics of the included studies and efficacy outcomes, including scores on the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (PUTS). We conducted the meta-analysis using Review Manager version 5.4. software. We compared the measurements before and after CBM intake using mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Result: In total, 1105 articles were identified for screening, with eight studies included in the systematic review and seven in the meta-analysis. These studies involved 306 adult patients with TS treated with cannabis. YGTSS revealed a significant reduction in total scores (MD = -13.29, 95% CI [-21.67 to -4.91], P = 0.002) and PUTS revealed a significant decrease in scores (MD = -4.09, 95% CI [-7.24 to -0.93], P = 0.01). Conclusion: The research emphasizes the potential of cannabis-based medication in alleviating tics and premonitory urges associated with Tourette syndrome. While the initial results are promising, they are based on limited-scale studies. It is imperative to conduct larger, placebo-controlled trials encompassing diverse demographic groups to substantiate the effectiveness, ensure safety, and optimize dosages for long-term therapeutic advantages.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1399.v1

Exploring the Plastic Surgery Related Experiences, Needs, Confidence and Knowledge Gaps of Foundation Year Doctors

Natalia Gili

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Plastic surgery; junior doctors; experiences; needs; knowledge gaps

Online: 18 September 2024 (11:45:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1409.v1

Beyond Genetics: The Role of Familial Comorbidities in Shaping Migraine Phenotypes

Tugce Ozdemir Gultekin, Sevim Eyupoglu, Ezgi Uluduz, Derya Uluduz, Aynur Ozge

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: migraine; chronic migraine; episodic migraine; familial transmission; comorbidities; hypercholesterolemia; headache clinics

Online: 18 September 2024 (11:44:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1352.v1

Evaluating the Efficacy of Oral Chloral Hydrate and Determinants of Median Induction Time for Pediatric MRI Procedural Sedation: A Time-to-Event Analysis Perspective

Sara Amer Alomar, Ahmed Nawfal Alshammari, Fahad Alnajim, Maan Abdullah Albesair, Amr Esmail, Abdullah BinHasan, Fay Fahad Aldenaini, Mohammed Shahab Uddin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Chloral Hydrate; Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); Pediatric Sedation; Procedural Sedation; Drug Efficacy; Pediatrics

Online: 18 September 2024 (11:39:31 CEST)

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Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is essential in pediatric diagnostics; however, the need for effective sedation due to children’s inability to remain still presents a challenge. Oral Chloral Hydrate (OCH) is commonly used for its efficacy and safety, but there is a lack of detailed exploration of the median induction time, the period from administration to effective sedation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of OCH and identify the determinants of the median induction time for pediatric MRI procedural sedation.Methods: This retrospective study evaluated oral chloral hydrate (50-100 mg/kg) for pediatric MRI sedation using records from the Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Hospital (2018-2022). Pediatric patients (1–8 years) were assessed for sedation efficacy, with exclusion criteria for allergies or incomplete data. Time-to-event analysis (Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression) was used to identify factors influencing sedation induction time. The data included age, weight, dose, and outcomes. The analysis highlighted the key predictors of sedation success and optimized procedural sedation protocols.Results: The study included 183 pediatric patients with a median age of 30 months and a median chloral hydrate dose of 66 mg. Sedation success was 85.79%, with younger age and shorter induction times being significantly associated with success (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no significant difference in induction times between the neurological and non-neurological groups (p=0.64). Cox regression identified longer MRI duration and multiple doses as significant factors influencing the timing of sedation (p=0.050, p=0.008). Bootstrap analysis confirmed a robust median induction time of 30 minutes.Conclusions: Oral chloral hydrate achieved 85.79% success in pediatric MRI sedation, with younger and lighter patients having better outcomes. The median sleep induction time was 30 minutes, and extending sedation to 60 minutes further improved the success rate.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1395.v1

The Long-Term Effects of Using Placebo in Asthma Treatments

Napatcha Kaewkumnerd, Pirada Ramingwong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: placebo; asthma; long-term effects; hyperreactivity; bronchial inflammation ;

Online: 18 September 2024 (11:39:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1354.v1

The Therapeutic Target of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Agonists Is Superoxide Induced Diuretic Resistance

Wayne Kaesemeyer MD

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: superoxide; SGLT2 inhibitors; GLP-1 agonists; cardiorenal syndrome; diuretic resistance; heart failure

Online: 18 September 2024 (11:37:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1356.v1

Single-stage Image-guided Percutaneous Ablation with Thoracoscopic Resection for Multiple Pulmonary Lesions in a Hybrid Operating Room: A Retrospective Study

Ling-Kai Chang, Po-Keng Su, Pak-Si Chan, Shwetambara Malwade, Wen-Yuan Chung, Shun-Mao Yang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Lung cancer; hybrid operating room; surgical resection; ablation; multiple lung lesions

Online: 18 September 2024 (11:29:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1390.v1

Droplet Digital Pcr Enhances Sensitivity and Accuracy in Canine Distemper Virus Detection

Victoria Iribarnegaray, Guillermo Godiño, Camila Larrañaga, Kanji Yamasaki, José Manuel Verdes, Rodrigo Puentes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: droplet Digital PCR; canine distemper virus; molecular diagnosis

Online: 18 September 2024 (10:24:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1346.v1

Leveraging Bioactive Proteins and Peptides from Lumbricus Earthworms: Targeting SOCS2 E3 Ligase for Cardiovascular Therapy through Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Nasser Alotaiq, Doni Dermawan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: cardiovascular disease; earthworm; lumbrokinase; molecular dynamics simulation; SOCS2; protein-protein interactions

Online: 18 September 2024 (09:16:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1304.v1

Whole Exome Sequencing of Meningioma in Sudanese Patients

Sawsan Aldeaf, Alsadig Gassoum, Nihad Elsadig, Mohamed Arbab, Muntaser Ebrahim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: WES; AKT1; CD44; meningioma; candidate genes; NCNS

Online: 18 September 2024 (05:24:59 CEST)

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Introduction Meningioma is the second most common primary intracranial tumor of the central nervous system. in Sudan, meningioma is the most common primary brain tumor, among Sudanese patients, Surgical total excision of meningioma offers a better survival, however, Chemotherapy has largely been unsuccessful for meningioma treatment, and therefore, refractory and recurrence meningioma treated with palliative surgery and radiotherapy. Monosomy of chromosome 22 is the utmost common genetic alteration among meningioma and many genes were investigated and described in the development of this tumor of which , NF2 hSNF5/INI1gene, P53. In addition to this, Molecular signal pathways in meningioma, and that contribute to the survival, proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation properties of normal stem cells which are abnormally activated and nominated as cancerous stem cell (CSCs). Objectives 1/ To identify the possible pathway of candidate genes in both setting and whole genes hypothesis free approach 2/ To assess the presence of mutations in candidate genes among histological subtypes of meningioma in Sudan. Material and methods This is a prospective cross-sectional study done at the National Center of Neurological Sciences (NCNS) Khartoum, from 2018 to 2021. The study included all cerebral tumors that were radio- logically diagnosed preoperatively as meningioma. Ethical approval was taken from Institute of Endemic disease, Khartoum University, and written consent was obtained Three DNA extracts were randomly selected from 20 meningioma tissue samples and processed for WES. All genes harboring exonic and splice site variations stratified into SNVs and INDELs sets were prepared. The 1000G online database was used to explore novel mutations per 3 samples. SIFT and PolyPhen-2 programs were used to predict possible impact of amino acids substitution. To address meticulous genes interaction and particular centrality, all shared genes within the class INDEL and SNVs were used as input on Network Analysis to predict protein- protein interaction and functional gene ontology. Finally, shared mutations within genes of centrality were detected via Sanger sequencing and mutations were correlated between histological sub-types and recurrenceThree non meningioma brain tumor used as control. Results WES analysis revealed high number for mutational signature within 2 classes (INDEL and SNVs) per 3 samples, the findings of 1000 genome online database showed number of novel mutations; 5618 in fibrous , 6032 in meningothelial while in recurrent fibrous sample 5930. Network analysis of shared genes per each class (INDEL, SNVs), showed UBC is the most protein of remarkable degree centrality over thousand of genes. Whereas, all shared genes per 3 samples within the 2 classes (INDEL and SNVs) revealed Akt1 with the highest degree of centrality and betweenness. Akt1 rs17846829was detected in 20% of the samples, while CD44 stemness gene revealed mutation A>G (rs9666607) in all meningioma samples (100%), this mutation was associated with 60% of the recurrence. Conclusions Nevertheless, the present study, highlight how such complex molecular processes might contribute to tumorogenesis, in attempt to shed light over thousands of genes and multifaceted network analysis rather than a solitary gene which is challenging question.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1240.v1

Platelet Responses after Tapering and Discontinuation of Fostamatinib in Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Continuation of the Fostasur Study

Maria-Eva Mingot-Castellano, Gloria Garcia-Donas, Rosa Maria Campos-Alvarez, Maria Carmen Fernández-Sánchez de Mora, Josefa Luis-Navarro, Juan Francisco Domínguez-Rodriguez, Maria del Mar Nieto-Hernandez, Irene Sánchez-Bazán, Maria Yera-Cobo, Rocio Cardesa-Cabrera, Francisco Jose Jímenez-Gonzalo, Isabel Caparrós-Miranda, Laura Entrena-Ureña, Sergio Jurado-Herrera, Dolores Fernández Jimenez, Dana Díaz-Canales, Gloria Moreno-Carrasco, Cristina Calderón-Cabrera, Ramiro Jose Nuñez-Velazquez, Begoña Pedrote-Amador, Reyes Jiménez-Bárcenas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: tapering; sustained response; ITP; fostamatinib; thrombopoietin analogs; Syk inhibitor; Syk; remission; purpura; thrombocytopenic; idiopathic; diarrhea; hemorrhage; thrombocytopenia

Online: 18 September 2024 (05:14:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1293.v1

Microbiological Diagnosis – an Important Tool for Prevention and Management of Peri-Implant Infective Diseases

Adrian Țandără, Cristian Funieru, Oana Slușanschi, Cristina Preoteasa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: peri-implant infective diseases; microbiota; antibiogram

Online: 18 September 2024 (04:51:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1326.v1

Machine Learning-Based Mortality Risk Stratification in Synovial Sarcoma Patients: A Retrospective Study

Saba Naderian Jahromi, Sadaf Raoufi, Mohammad Rahimi, Danial Bazmandeh, Asal Salehi, Kianmehr Saleh, Aidin Tarokhian

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Machine Learning; Synovial Sarcoma; Artificial Intelligence; Mortality

Online: 18 September 2024 (03:59:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1336.v1

The Evolving Global Epidemiology of Human Melioidosis

Francesca F Norman, Barbra M Blair, Sandra Chamorro-Tojeiro, Marta Gonzalez-Sanz, Lin H Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Burkholderia pseudomallei; travel; imported; climate change; Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; nosocomial transmission

Online: 18 September 2024 (03:51:56 CEST)

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Preprint INTERESTING IMAGES | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1138.v1

Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Can Help in Detecting Clinically Silent Mammary Paget Disease: A Case Report

Carmen Cantisani, Alberto Taliano, Caterina Longo, Stefano Astorino, Vito V Gomes, Gianluca Caruso, Suppa Mariano, Stefania Guida, Anna Pogorzelska-Antkowiak, Giovanni Pellacani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Dermoscopy-Mammary Paget disease; reflectance confocal microscopy

Online: 18 September 2024 (02:21:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1329.v1

The Impact of Parental Depression, Anxiety, and Stress on Adolescents’ Mental Health and Quality of Life: The Moderating Role of Parental Rejection

Eirini Sofrona, Georgios Giannakopoulos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: children and adolescents; parental rejection; parental depression; parental anxiety; parental stress; quality of life; mental health problems

Online: 17 September 2024 (13:41:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1303.v1

The Lower Pre-Transplant Hepatitis C Antibody in Il-28B RS8099917 Tt Genotype with Higher miRNA-122 Expression May Correlate to the Acute Cellular Rejection After Ldlt

King-Wah Chiu, Yu Cheng Lin, Wei Feng Li, Kuang Tzu Huang, Li-Wen Hsu, Chih-Chi Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Transplantation Keywords: acute cellular rejection; hepatitis C virus; IL-28B, liver transplantation; microRNA-122; single nucleotide polymorphism

Online: 17 September 2024 (12:15:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1314.v1

Development and Characterization of Paclitaxel-Loaded Li-pid-Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for pH-Responsive Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery

Deng Yingyue, Zhou Jiaru, Zhang Tao, Wang Guoqiang, Xiao Min, Ban Junfeng, Zhang Yan, Liang Hongcai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Paclitaxel; mesoporous silica nanoparticles; liposomes; antitumor

Online: 17 September 2024 (11:40:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1282.v1

Developmental Predictors of Suicidality in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review

Lindsay Benster, Noah Stapper, Katie Rodriguez, Hadley Daniels, Miguel Villodas, Cory Weissman, Zafiris Daskalakis, Lawrence Appelbaum

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Schizophrenia; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide Attempts; Risk Factors; Suicidality

Online: 17 September 2024 (11:23:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1312.v1

Novel Biomarkers of Grade I Diastolic Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Adina Braha, Bogdan Timar, Viviana Ivan, Monica Micloș Balica, Larisa Dăniluc, Romulus Timar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: predictive biomarkers; left ventricular diastolic dysfunction; metabolic dysfunction-associated liver steatohepatitis; type 2 diabetes mellitus

Online: 17 September 2024 (10:51:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1306.v1

Influence of Patient Position-Related Differences in Intra- and Postoperative Implications on Major Anesthesia Parameters in Posterior Fossa Surgery

Oana Maria Radu, Georgeta Magdalena Balaci, Daniel Corneliu Leucuța, Vlad Ioan Moisescu, Cristina Munteanu, Stefan Ioan Florian

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: hemodynamic implications; venous air embolism; sitting position; park-bench position; EtCO2; pneumocephalus; postoperative hematoma

Online: 17 September 2024 (10:42:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1296.v1

Severity Patterns in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients in Spain. I-MOVE-COVID-19 Study

Miriam Latorre-Millán, María Mar Rodríguez del Águila, Laura Clusa, Clara Mazagatos, Amparo Larrauri, María Amelia Fernández, Antonio Rezusta, Ana María Milagro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; severity; mortality; ventilation; ICU; clinical phenotype

Online: 17 September 2024 (10:01:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1275.v1

COVID-19 Sequalae and Formation of Kidney Stone by Decrease in Mitochondrial Sulfur Metabolism Transsulfuration and Hyperuricemia during CKD

Suresh C Tyagi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Kidney; Covod-19; AKI; CKD

Online: 17 September 2024 (08:43:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1279.v1

Regressive Machine Learning for Real-Time Monitoring of Bed-Based Patients

Paul Joseph, Husnain Ali, Daniel Matthew, Anvin Thomas, Rejath Jose, Jonathan Mayer, Molly Bekbolatova, Timothy Devine, Milan Toma

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Machine Learning; Model; Regressor; Ensemble; Patient Safety; Automated Detection

Online: 17 September 2024 (08:37:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1258.v1

Sanger Sequencing Revealed Borrelia burgdorferi with FlaB Paralogs Causing Spirochetemia in Early Localized Lyme Disease

Sin Hang Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: sanger sequencing; spirochetemia; early localized Lyme disease; FlaB paralogs; SNP in FlaB gene; single Borrelia burgdorferi cell; platelet-rich plasma

Online: 17 September 2024 (08:10:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1269.v1

Hallmarks of Brain Plasticity

Yauhen Statsenko, Nik V. Kuznetsov, Milos Ljubisavljevic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: brain plasticity; molecular biomarkers; RNA diagnostics; RNA therapeutics; transcriptomics; ncRNA; lncRNA; miRNA; circRNA; eRNA; lincRNA; piRNA; yRNA

Online: 17 September 2024 (08:00:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1235.v1

Aetiology, Clinical Profiles, Laboratory Parameters, Radiological Findings and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Admitted with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Center During 2023 in Myanmar

Aung Kyaw Kyaw, Ohnmar Ohnmar, Zin Nwe Win, Sai Kyaw Win, Zarni Myint Shwe, Kyaw Lwin Show, Nan Aye Thida Oo, Mya Thandar Win, Khin Zarchi Aung, Win Pa Pa Naing, Phyu Phyu Lay, Hlaing Myat Thu, Zaw Than Htun

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Acute encephalitis syndrome; infectious cause; autoimmune encephalitis; adult; Myanmar; 2023

Online: 17 September 2024 (06:17:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1173.v1

Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in COVID-19 Patients Receiving Immunosuppressive Treatment – Prospective Study

Nicoleta Mihai, Mihaela Cristina Olariu, Oana-Alexandra Ganea, Aida-Isabela Adamescu, Violeta Molagic, Ștefan Sorin Aramă, Cătălin Tilișcan, Victoria Aramă

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; immunosuppressive agents; hepatitis B virus; reactivation

Online: 17 September 2024 (05:09:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1153.v1

Evaluation of Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters in Adult PKU

Mehmet Cihan Balci, Meryem Karaca, Dilek Gunes, Huseyin Kutay Korbeyli, Arzu Selamioglu, Gulden Gokcay

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Phenylketonuria; Overweight; Obesity; Body composition; Body mass index

Online: 17 September 2024 (05:06:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1263.v2

A Method to Reverse Epimutations

Steven Olsen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Homeostasis; HDEC; Hormesis; Epimutations; Susceptibility; Toxicogenomics

Online: 17 September 2024 (05:04:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1161.v1

The Efficacy and Safety of Oncolytic Viruses in Treatment of Glioma: A Meta-Analysis

Wen-Jing Zeng, Yi-Fan Zeng, Li-Jun Zhou, Jing Yi, Sheng Deng, Zheng-Zheng Liu, Qian-Qian Ye

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: Glioma; Oncolytic viruses; Drug efficacy; Drug safety; Meta-analysis

Online: 17 September 2024 (05:01:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1181.v1

Attachment in Adolescence: Old Patterns and New Challenges

Varvara Salavou, Georgios Giannakopoulos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: adolescent attachment; affect regulation; developmental psychopathology; intergenerational transmission; reflective functioning

Online: 17 September 2024 (05:00:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1267.v1

Therapeutic Options for Crigler-Najjar Syndrome: A Scoping Review

Vanessa Sambati, Serena Laudisio, Matteo Motta, Susanna Esposito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Crigler-Najjar Syndrome; UGT1A1 mutation; liver transplantation; gene therapy; hyperbilirubinemia

Online: 17 September 2024 (04:13:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1274.v1

Immunogenicity and Safety of the Recombinant Adjuvanted Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma

Panagiotis T. Diamantopoulos, Christos Stafylidis, Vassiliki Labropoulou, Christina-Nefeli Kontandreopoulou, Dimitra Vlachopoulou, Stavroula Smilakou, Iraklis Patsialos, Stavroula Syriopoulou, Alexandros Gkikas, Eleftherios N Athanasopoulos, Anastasios Vogiatzakis, Eleni Panousi, Georgios Kyriakakis, Amalia Anastasopoulou, Marina Mantzourani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV); chronic lymphocytic leukemia; multiple myeloma; recombinant adjuvanted herpes zoster vaccine (RZV); immunogenicity; safety

Online: 17 September 2024 (03:34:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1223.v1

Relationships Between PM_2.5 and Hemoglobin Among Reproductive Women in Africa

Muhammad Saeed, Haris Majeed, Mohammad Saeed, Mashael Sayed, Arav Lohe, Olivea Ali, Adeena Zaidi, Harris Khokhar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: Women anemia; Maternal Anemia; Maternal Hemoglobin; Air pollution; Africa; Low-income

Online: 17 September 2024 (02:56:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1259.v1

Unraveling the Heterogeneity of Deficiency of Mismatch Repair Proteins in Endometrial Cancer: Predictive Biomarkers and Assessment Challenges

Filomena Marino Carvalho, Jesus Paula Carvalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: endometrial cancer; biomarkers; molecular classification; mismatch repair proteins; prognosis; predictive factors

Online: 16 September 2024 (16:49:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1252.v1

High Fat Diet Induces Epigenetic 1-Carbon Metabolism and HFpEF

Suresh C. Tyagi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Folate 1-carbon metabolism, heart failure, ATP-citrate lyase, gene writer, eraser and editor

Online: 16 September 2024 (15:31:43 CEST)

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The chronic high fat dysbiosis diet (HFD) instigates cardiac remodeling, dysfunction and chronic heart failure (CHF). The therapeutic approaches focusing oxidative stress, inflammation and hyperlipidemia have not yielded significant positive clinical outcomes. Recent studies report that although mitochondrial ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) supports cardiac function, however, decreases more in human HFpEF than HFrEF. Interestingly, the ACLY synthesizes lipids and creates hyperlipidemia. Epigenetically, ACLY acetylates histone. The mechanism(s) are unknown. One hypothesis is that the HFD induces epigenetic folate 1-carbon metabolism (FOCM), heperhomocysteinemia (HHcy, a cause of abrogation of sleep-time dipping in blood pressure and hypertension) and heart failure. Interestingly, the probiotics utilizes the fat/lipids post-biotically, and increases the mitochondrial bioenergetics and attenuates the HFD induced heart failure. We suggest a novel and paradigm-shift epigenetic mitochondrial sulfur transsulfuration pathways that selectively target HFD-induced CHF. The HFD via transport and metabolomic pathways instigates cardiac remodeling and dyfunction. Previous studies from our laboratory, using a single cell analysis, revealed increase in transporter (SLC25A) of s-adenosine-methionine (SAM) during elevated levels of homocysteine (Hcy, i.e., hyperhomocysteinemia, HHcy), a consequence of impaired epigenetic recycling of Hcy back to methionine by increase in FOCM methylation of H3K4, K9, H4K20 and gene writer (DNMT) and decrease in eraser (TET/FTO). The Hcy transported to mitochondria by SLC7A for clearance via sulfur metabolomic transsulfuration by 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase (3MST). Interestingly, the HHcy decreases ATP, OCR, H₂S, PGC1α, TFAM, and increase in fission/fusion ratio, causing mitochondria dysfunction. We suggest that gut dysbiosis by HFD disrupts rhythmic epigenetic memory via FOCM and increase in DNMT1 and creates HHcy, leading to decrease mitochondrial transsulfuration and bioenergetics. The treatment with a probiotic, lactobacillus will eat the fat/lipids post-biotically and bi-directionally will produce folic acid and lactone-ketone body that will mitigate the HFD-induced mitochondrial remodeling and heart failure.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1242.v1

Amino Acid-based Protein-mimic Hydrogel Incorporating Pro-regenerative Lipid Mediator and Microvascular Fragments Promotes the Healing of Deep Burn Wounds

Yan Lu, Shanchun Su, Chih-Chang Chu, Yuichi Kobayashi, Abdul-Razak Masoud, Hongying Peng, Nathan Lien, Minghu He, Christopher Vuong, Ryan Tran, Song Hong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: PreM1: Pro-regenerative lipid mediator 1, 14S,21R-dihydroxy-docosa-4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z, 19Z-hexaenoic acid, or 14S,21R-diHDHA; 3o-burn: third-degree burn; AA-PEA: amino acid-based poly(ester amide) polymer; UArg-PEA: unsaturated arginine-based poly(ester amide); ACgel1, UArg-PEA/Chitosan covalently coupled hydrogel 1; MVFs: microvascular fragments; PreM1-MVFs-ACgel1: PreM1-incorporated and MVFs-seeded ACgel1; blood vessel regeneration or vascularization; wound healing; collagen

Online: 16 September 2024 (13:23:31 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1177.v1

Sudden Blurring of Vision and Micropsia Following Acute Hot Pepper Consumption: A Case Report and Hypothesis

Reza Rastmanesh, Gülçin Sağdıçoğlu Celep, Francesco Marotta, Cristiana Aperio, Fang He

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Capsaicin; Red Chili; Retinal hemorrhage; Optometry; Micropsia

Online: 16 September 2024 (12:30:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1225.v1

The Entourage Effect in Cannabis Medicinal Products: A Comprehensive Review

Rebeca André, Ana Patrícia Gomes, Catarina Pereira-Leite, António Marques-da-Costa, Luis Monteiro Rodrigues, Michael Sassano, Patricia Rijo, Maria do Céu Costa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Cannabis; Cannabinoids; Terpene(s); Entourage Effect; Influencers

Online: 16 September 2024 (12:25:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1165.v1

Evaluating the Effects of Frequency of STN-DBS on Postural Control in Parkinson's Disease: A Case-Series Study

Nazlı Durmaz Çelik, Aslı Yaman Kula, Elif Göksu Yiğit Tekkanat, Müge Kuzu Kumcu, Mehmet Yanardağ, Serhat Özkan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Postural control; Deep Brain Stimulation; Subthalamic Nucleus; Parkinson's Disease; Sensory Organization Test

Online: 16 September 2024 (12:16:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1221.v1

Inflammatory and Lipid Biomarkers in Early Atherosclerosis: A Comprehensive Analysis

Alim Namitokov, Karina Karabakhtsieva, Olga Malyarevskaya

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Inflammatory Indices; Lipid Biomarkers; SIRI; ANGPTL3; Young Adults; Machine Learning; Personalized Medicine; Cardiovascular Risk; Early Detection

Online: 16 September 2024 (11:43:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1207.v1

Contribution of an Artificial Intelligence Tool in the Detection of Incidental Pulmonary Embolism on Oncology Assessment Scans

SAMY AMMARI, Astrid Orfali Camez, Angela Ayobi, Sarah Quenet, Amir Zemmouri, El Mehdi Mniai, Yasmina Chaibi, Angelo Franciosini, Louis Clavel, François Bidault, Serge Muller, Nathalie Lassau, Corinne Balleyguier, Tarek Assi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: artificial intelligence, incidental, pulmonary embolism, oncology, assessment scans

Online: 16 September 2024 (10:35:56 CEST)

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The incidence of venous thromboembolism is estimated at around 3% of cancer patients. However, a majority of incidental pulmonary embolism (iPE) can be overlooked by radiologists in asymptomatic patients, performing CT scans for disease surveillance, which may significantly impact the patient's health and management. Routine imaging in oncology is usually reviewed with delayed hours after the acquisition of images. Nevertheless, the advent of AI in radiology could reduce the risk of diagnostic delay of iPE by an optimal triage immediately at the acquisition console. This study aimed to determine the accuracy rate of an AI algorithm (CIN A-iPE) in detecting iPE and the duration until the management of cancer patients in our center in addition to describing the characteristics of patients with a confirmed pulmonary embolism (PE). MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of the role of Avicenna's CE-certified and FDA-cleared CINA-iPE algorithm in oncology patients treated at Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus. The results obtained from the AI algorithm were compared with the attending radiologist's report and analyzed by both a radiology resident and a senior radiologist. In case of any discordant results, the reason for this discrepancy was further investigated. The duration between the exact time of the CT scan and analysis was assessed as well as the duration from the result’s reporting and the start of active management. RESULTS Out of 3047 patients, 104 alerts were detected for iPE (prevalence of 1.3%) while 2942 had negative findings. 36 of the 104 patients had confirmed PE while 68 alerts were false positives. Only one patient reported as negative by the AI tool was deemed to have a PE by the radiologist. The sensitivity and specificity of the AI model were 97.3% and 97.74% while the PPV and NPV were 34.62% and 99.97% respectively. Most causes of FP were artifacts (22 cases, 32.3%) and lymph nodes (11 cases, 16.2%). Seven patients experienced delayed diagnosis, requiring them to return to the ER for treatment after being sent home following their scan. The remaining patients received prompt care immediately after their testing with a mean delay time of 8.13 hours. CONCLUSION The addition of an AI system for the detection of unsuspected PEs on chest CT scans in routine oncology care demonstrated a promising efficacy in comparison to human performance. Despite a low prevalence, the sensitivity and specificity of the AI tool reached 97.3% and 97.7% respectively with detection of all the reported clinical PEs except one single case. This study describes the potential synergy between AI and radiologists for an optimal diagnosis of iPE in routine clinical cancer care.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1185.v1

Association Between Chronic Hepatitis B / C and Incidence of Osteoporosis and Bone Fractures: Results from a Retrospective Cohort Study

Sven H. Loosen, Alexander Killer, Hans Henrich Bock, Tom Luedde, Christoph Roderburg, Karel Kostev

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: HBV; HCV; CHC; CHB; osteopenia; virus; infection; regression

Online: 16 September 2024 (10:17:56 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1192.v2

Rebuilding Quantum Homeostasis

Steven Olsen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Homeostasis; Epigenetics; Epimutations; ; Hormesis; Toxicogenomics; Quantum biology; Superposition reference image; Ultra high dilutions; Quantum drug action

Online: 16 September 2024 (10:16:10 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1180.v1

How Aging Causes Osteoarthritis: An Evolutionary Physiology Perspective

David Gems

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: antagonistic pleiotropy; chondrocyte; evolutionary medicine; hyperfunction; osteoarthritis; programmatic theory

Online: 16 September 2024 (10:15:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1210.v1

A Machine Learning approach to Determine Risk Factors for Respiratory Bacterial/Fungal Coinfection in Critically Ill Patients with Influenza and SARS CoV-2 Infection: A Spanish Perspective

Alejandro Rodríguez, Josep Gómez, Ignacio Martín-Loeches, Laura Claverias, Emili Díaz, Rafael Zaragoza, Marcio Borges-Sa, Frederic Gómez- Bertomeu, Álvaro Franquet, Sandra Trefler, Carlos González Garzón, Lisset Cortes, Florencia Alés, Susana Sancho, Jordi Solé-Violán, Ángel Estella, Julen Berrueta, Alejandro García-Martínez, Borja Suberviola, Juan José Guardiola, María Bodí

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Influenza A(H1N1); COVID-19; Bacterial coinfection; fungal coinfection; machine learning

Online: 16 September 2024 (10:07:03 CEST)

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Medicine and Pharmacology