Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Sensory Properties, Redox Characteristics, and Impact on the Hemodynamics of the Flavanol-Rich Fraction Originated Grape and Blueberry

Naomi Osakabe
* ,
Toshihiko Shoji
ORCID logo ,
Kurumi Onishi
,
Chie Hirahata
,
Kento Hiroki
,
Taiki Fushimi
,
Yasuyuki Fujii
,
Ursula Jacob
,
Ali Abdelhameed
ORCID logo ,
Rosanna Di Paola
,
Salvatore Cuzzocrea
ORCID logo ,
Vittorio Calabrese
*
Version 1 : Received: 22 March 2024 / Approved: 22 March 2024 / Online: 23 March 2024 (09:38:42 CET)

How to cite: Osakabe, N.; Shoji, T.; Onishi, K.; Hirahata, C.; Hiroki, K.; Fushimi, T.; Fujii, Y.; Jacob, U.; Abdelhameed, A.; Paola, R.D.; Cuzzocrea, S.; Calabrese, V. Sensory Properties, Redox Characteristics, and Impact on the Hemodynamics of the Flavanol-Rich Fraction Originated Grape and Blueberry. Preprints 2024, 2024031398. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.1398.v1 Osakabe, N.; Shoji, T.; Onishi, K.; Hirahata, C.; Hiroki, K.; Fushimi, T.; Fujii, Y.; Jacob, U.; Abdelhameed, A.; Paola, R.D.; Cuzzocrea, S.; Calabrese, V. Sensory Properties, Redox Characteristics, and Impact on the Hemodynamics of the Flavanol-Rich Fraction Originated Grape and Blueberry. Preprints 2024, 2024031398. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.1398.v1

Abstract

Several epidemiological studies and intervention trials have demonstrated that flavanols present in grapes and blueberries can lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms of action of these compounds remain unclear due to their low bioavailability. A polyphenol-rich grape and blueberry extract (PEGB) contained about 16% flavanol, of which 11% was monomer and 4% was dimer. A sensory test investigated the oral perception of a PEGB. At concentrations where quercetin had almost no detectable taste, PEGB exhibited significant astringency. Furthermore, in comparing the redox properties against O2･- using a luminescence method, PEGB acted as a prooxidant at low concentrations, promoting O2･-production and scavenging O2･-at high concentrations under pH conditions similar to oral cavity and intestine. In contrast, quercetin showed antioxidant activity at any concentration. A single oral administration of PEGB to rats showed a significant increase in skeletal muscle arteriolar blood flow. According to these results, PEGB containing flavanols displays a potent astringent flavor, increases O2･-production at low concentrations in a neutral pH environment as well as oral and intestine, and considerably enhances blood flow to skeletal muscles after a single dose in rats. The results of this study indicate a need to investigate the causal relationship between oral perception, redox properties, and bioactivity of polyphenols.

Keywords

flavanol; astringency; O2･-; blood flow; sympathetic nerve

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Other

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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