Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Phage Display for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
Version 1
: Received: 31 December 2023 / Approved: 3 January 2024 / Online: 3 January 2024 (10:36:52 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Petrenko, V.A. Phage Display’s Prospects for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Viruses 2024, 16, 277. Petrenko, V.A. Phage Display’s Prospects for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Viruses 2024, 16, 277.
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most diagnosed cancer among men. It was observed that early diagnosis of disease is highly beneficial for survival of cancer patients. Therefore, extension and increasing quality of life of PC patients can be achieved by broadening the Cancer Screening programs that are aimed at the identification of cancer manifestation in patients at earlier stages before they demonstrate well-understood signs of the disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need in standard, sensitive, robust, and commonly available screening and diagnosis tools for identification of early signs of cancer pathologies. In this respect, “Holy Grail” of cancer researchers and bioengineers for decades have been molecular sensing probes that would allow diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of cancer diseases by their interaction with cell-secreted and cellassociated PC biomarkers, e.g. PSA and PSMA correspondinly. At present, most PSA tests are performed at centralized laboratories using high throughput Total PSA immune analyzers which are suitable for dedicated laboratories and are not readily available for the broad health screening. Therefore, the current trend in detection of PC is developments of the portable biosensors for mobile laboratories and individual use. Phage display since its conception by George Smith in 1985 has emerged as a premier tool in molecular biology with widespread applications. This review describes how the paradigm of molecular evolution and phage display revolutionized the methods of early diagnosis and monitoring of PC.
Keywords
Phage display; landscape phage; molecular evolution; affinity selection; recombinant antibodies, PC; prostate specific antigen (PSA); prostate-specific matrix antigen (PSMA); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); phage ELISA; phage capture assay; electrochemical biosensor; total prostate-specific antigen (t-PSA); free prostate-specific antigen (F-PSA); electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; label-free immunosensor
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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