Version 1
: Received: 7 December 2023 / Approved: 7 December 2023 / Online: 7 December 2023 (09:40:13 CET)
How to cite:
Macusi, E. D.; Macusi, E. S.; Bongas, H. P.; Cayacay, M. A. Typology of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Farms: Their Operations, Socio-Economic Viability, and Challenges. Preprints2023, 2023120507. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0507.v1
Macusi, E. D.; Macusi, E. S.; Bongas, H. P.; Cayacay, M. A. Typology of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Farms: Their Operations, Socio-Economic Viability, and Challenges. Preprints 2023, 2023120507. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0507.v1
Macusi, E. D.; Macusi, E. S.; Bongas, H. P.; Cayacay, M. A. Typology of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Farms: Their Operations, Socio-Economic Viability, and Challenges. Preprints2023, 2023120507. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0507.v1
APA Style
Macusi, E. D., Macusi, E. S., Bongas, H. P., & Cayacay, M. A. (2023). Typology of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Farms: Their Operations, Socio-Economic Viability, and Challenges. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0507.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Macusi, E. D., Henzel P. Bongas and Melanie A. Cayacay. 2023 "Typology of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Farms: Their Operations, Socio-Economic Viability, and Challenges" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0507.v1
Abstract
Milkfish (Chanos chanos) locally called Bangus in the Philippines, is a popular food fish in terms of production and consumption in the Philippines, Indonesia and Taiwan. This study characterized a typical grow-out milkfish farm in the Davao region in terms of socioeconomic profile, farming practices, and simple costs and returns. Three sites were chosen to conduct this study, mainly in Mati, Pantukan and Panabo in Davao region where N=43 farm workers provided information on their daily farming practices. Farms are commonly stocked with 16,000 fingerlings, harvesting occurs after every 6 months with six feeding times in a day. Moreover, workers were paid an average of Php 10,000 per month while the company had a gross income of Php 930,000 per cropping cycle. The feed cost shares 76% of the overall operational cost with a 27% return on investment for the first year of operation. Climate change impacts (e.g. higher sea surface temperature, unpredictable weather and flooding) and deteriorating water quality conditions were seen as bigger threats. Other results showed a positive relationship between stocking density and volume harvested (df=1, MS=0.0907, F=40.13, P=0.000) and income (df=1, MS=0.048, F=21.22, P=0.000). The study also showed the need for cheaper feed substitute and better benefits to farm workers.
Keywords
climate change impacts; feeding times; mariculture; stocking density; water quality
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Aquatic Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
