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Assessment of Hounsfield Units and Factors Associated with Fragmentation of Renal Stones by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: A Computerized Tomography Study
Alharbi, A.S.; Gameraddin, M.; Gareeballah, A.; Shrwani, Z.J.; Sindi, M.A.; Alsaedi, H.I.; Qurashi, A.A.; Aloufi, K.M.; Alshamrani, A.F.A.; Alzain, A.F. Assessment of Hounsfield Units and Factors Associated with Fragmentation of Renal Stones by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: A Computerized Tomography Study. Tomography2024, 10, 90-100.
Alharbi, A.S.; Gameraddin, M.; Gareeballah, A.; Shrwani, Z.J.; Sindi, M.A.; Alsaedi, H.I.; Qurashi, A.A.; Aloufi, K.M.; Alshamrani, A.F.A.; Alzain, A.F. Assessment of Hounsfield Units and Factors Associated with Fragmentation of Renal Stones by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: A Computerized Tomography Study. Tomography 2024, 10, 90-100.
Alharbi, A.S.; Gameraddin, M.; Gareeballah, A.; Shrwani, Z.J.; Sindi, M.A.; Alsaedi, H.I.; Qurashi, A.A.; Aloufi, K.M.; Alshamrani, A.F.A.; Alzain, A.F. Assessment of Hounsfield Units and Factors Associated with Fragmentation of Renal Stones by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: A Computerized Tomography Study. Tomography2024, 10, 90-100.
Alharbi, A.S.; Gameraddin, M.; Gareeballah, A.; Shrwani, Z.J.; Sindi, M.A.; Alsaedi, H.I.; Qurashi, A.A.; Aloufi, K.M.; Alshamrani, A.F.A.; Alzain, A.F. Assessment of Hounsfield Units and Factors Associated with Fragmentation of Renal Stones by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: A Computerized Tomography Study. Tomography 2024, 10, 90-100.
Abstract
The success rate of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is influenced by various factors, including stone density, which is determined through computed tomography scans in Hounsfield Units (HU). Materials and method: This retrospective single-center study was conducted in King Fahad hospital. Sixty-seven adult patients with renal and ureteric stones were selected randomly and enrolled in the study. Their age ranged from 20 to 69 years. The patients were examined with non-contrast enhancement (NCCT) to assess the HU of stones, consequently, treated with ESWL. Results: of the 67 patients, 37.3% of the stones were completely fragmented, while 62.7% were partially fragmented. HU, location of the stone, a multiplicity of the stone, and patient age were significant factors contributing to stone fragility (p-values< 0.05). The HU has a positive significant linear correlation with serum calcium (r= .28, p-value=.036), while serum acid has a negative correlation (r=-.55, p-value= < .001). Thus, the probability of calcium-containing stones formation increased with increased HU. In contrast, uric acid stone formation is likely to develop with decreasing HU with serum uric acid. Renal stones in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension were not completely fragmented compared to those without clinical history. Conclusion: Mean HU, location of the stone, laterality, status of stone, and the number of ESWL sessions were the most significant factors affecting stone fragility. CT attenuation values can predict the composition of stones from serum calcium and uric acid examinations. Hypertension and Diabetes mellitus are risk factors for renal stone fragmentation.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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