Li, C.; Lu, P. Association of Gut Microbiota with Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients2023, 15, 4646.
Li, C.; Lu, P. Association of Gut Microbiota with Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2023, 15, 4646.
Li, C.; Lu, P. Association of Gut Microbiota with Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients2023, 15, 4646.
Li, C.; Lu, P. Association of Gut Microbiota with Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2023, 15, 4646.
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to eliminate any ambiguity by examining the correlation between gut microbiota and both AMD and glaucoma.
Methods Mendelian randomization studies were conducted utilizing the data sourced from the GWAS database for the gut microbiome, AMD, and glaucoma. SNP estimates were summarized through five MR methods. We utilized Cochran's Q statistic to evaluate the heterogeneity of the instrumental variables. Additionally, we employed a "leave-one-out" approach to verify the stability of our findings.
Results IVW suggests that Eubacterium (oxidoreducens group) and Parabacteroides had a protective effect on AMD. Both weighted median and IVW suggests that Lachnospiraceae (NK4A136 group) and Ruminococcaceae (UCG009) had a protective effect on AMD. However, both weighted median and IVW suggests that Dorea had a risk effect on AMD. Similarly, The IVW of Eubacterium (ventriosum group) showed a risk effect on AMD. The weighted median of Eubacterium (nodatum group), Lachnospiraceae (NC2004 group), and Roseburia had a risk effect on glaucoma. IVW suggested that Ruminococcaceae (UCG004) had a risk effect on glaucoma. Reverse MR analysis found a causal link between Eubacterium (nodatum group) and glaucoma. No causal relationships were found between AMD or glaucoma and the other mentioned bacterial groups. No significant heterogeneity or evidence of horizontal pleiotropy was detected.
Conclusions This study found that certain gut bacteria had protective effects on AMD, while others may be risk factors for AMD or glaucoma. Besides, reverse MR found that glaucoma led to increased abundance of certain gut bacteria. Further trials are needed to clarify the specific mechanisms involved.
Keywords
Age-related macular degeneration; Glaucoma; Gut microbiota; Mendelian randomization; Gut-retina axis
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Ophthalmology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
