Titanium-Biohybrid Middle Ear Prostheses: A Preliminary In Vitro Study

Mosconi, M.; Carlotto, E.; Caliogna, L.; Berni, M.; Gastaldi, G.; Conti, M.; Brancato, A.M.; Bina, V.; Minervini, D.; Malpede, S.; et al. Titanium Biohybrid Middle Ear Prostheses: A Preliminary In Vitro Study. Journal of Functional Biomaterials 2023, 14, 561, doi:10.3390/jfb14120561. Mosconi, M.; Carlotto, E.; Caliogna, L.; Berni, M.; Gastaldi, G.; Conti, M.; Brancato, A.M.; Bina, V.; Minervini, D.; Malpede, S.; et al. Titanium Biohybrid Middle Ear Prostheses: A Preliminary In Vitro Study. Journal of Functional Biomaterials 2023, 14, 561, doi:10.3390/jfb14120561.

Abstract

Tissue bioengineering has been assuming a pivotal role in implementing alternatives to conven-tional ossicular middle ear replacement prostheses to overcome extrusion while preserving acoustic properties. This in vitro study aims to explore for the first time in current literature the feasibility of a biohybrid middle ear prosthesis composed of titanium surrounded by bone ex-tracellular matrix as bio-coating. We have hereby studied the adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASC) on titanium scaffolds in vitro. Moreover, we identified the osteogenic differentiation of hASC using immunofluorescence assay to analyze osteoblasts gene expression profile (Alp, Runx2, Col1a1, Osx, and Bglap) and we accounted the presence of collagen as a marker of hASC ability to secrete extracellular matrix. We utilized scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the presence of extracellular matrix on the scaffolds. Our preliminary data demonstrated the titanium ability to support human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell colonization, proliferation, and osteoblastic differentiation, to obtain a biohybrid device. Our experience seems encouraging, we advocate further in vivo research to corroborate our results towards bone transplantation.

Keywords

middle ear; ossicular replacement prosthesis; titanium; bone trasplantation; tissue engineering; hearing loss

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Otolaryngology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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