Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Vascular Thrombosis in Patients with Severe Forms of COVID-19

Mirjana Zlatković-Švenda
* ORCID logo ,
Milica Ovuka
,
Manca Ogrič
,
Saša Čučnik
,
Polona Žigon
ORCID logo ,
Aleksandar Radivčev
,
Marija Zdravković
ORCID logo ,
Goran Radunović
Version 1 : Received: 12 August 2023 / Approved: 14 August 2023 / Online: 14 August 2023 (10:22:52 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Zlatković-Švenda, M.; Ovuka, M.; Ogrič, M.; Čučnik, S.; Žigon, P.; Radivčev, A.; Zdravković, M.; Radunović, G. Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Vascular Thrombosis in Patients with Severe Forms of COVID-19. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 3117. Zlatković-Švenda, M.; Ovuka, M.; Ogrič, M.; Čučnik, S.; Žigon, P.; Radivčev, A.; Zdravković, M.; Radunović, G. Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Vascular Thrombosis in Patients with Severe Forms of COVID-19. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 3117.

Abstract

Background: Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are a laboratory criterion for the classification of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), and are known to cause clinical symptoms: vascular thrombosis or obstetric complications. It is suggested that aPL may be associated with thromboembolism in severe COVID-19 cases. Aim: to combine clinical data with aPL findings at 4 time points (admission, worsening, discharge, 3-month follow-up) in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: current and past history of thrombosis and obstetric complications; aPL determined at 4 time points: anticardiolipin (aCL), anti-β2-glycoprotein I (anti- β2GPI) and antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) of the IgM, IgG or IgA isotypes. Results: 111 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled. During hospitalization, 7 patients died, 3 of them due to pulmonary artery thromboembolism (none was aPL positive). Only one of the five who developed pulmonary artery thrombosis was aPL positive. Of 9/101 patients with a history of thrombosis, 5 had arterial thrombosis and none was aPL positive at admission and follow-up; 4 had venous thrombosis and one was aPL positive at all time points (newly diagnosed APS). Of these 9/101 patients, 55.6% were transiently aPL positive at discharge only, compared to 26.1% without history of thrombosis (p=0.05). Conclusions: aPL were not associated with fatal outcomes and vascular thrombosis; aPL were transiently positive in more than half of patients with a history of thrombosis.

Keywords

COVID-19; antiphospholipid syndrome; vascular thrombosis; antiphospholipid antibodies; anticardiolipin antibodies (aCLA); anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (anti-β2GPI); anti phosphatidylserine-prothrombin (aPS/PT) antibodies

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Internal Medicine

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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