Yang, K.-Y.; Fang, Y.-J.; Karmakar, R.; Mukundan, A.; Tsao, Y.-M.; Huang, C.-W.; Wang, H.-C. Assessment of Narrow Band Imaging Algorithm for Video Capsule Endoscopy Based on Decorrelated Color Space for Esophageal Cancer. Cancers2023, 15, 4715.
Yang, K.-Y.; Fang, Y.-J.; Karmakar, R.; Mukundan, A.; Tsao, Y.-M.; Huang, C.-W.; Wang, H.-C. Assessment of Narrow Band Imaging Algorithm for Video Capsule Endoscopy Based on Decorrelated Color Space for Esophageal Cancer. Cancers 2023, 15, 4715.
Yang, K.-Y.; Fang, Y.-J.; Karmakar, R.; Mukundan, A.; Tsao, Y.-M.; Huang, C.-W.; Wang, H.-C. Assessment of Narrow Band Imaging Algorithm for Video Capsule Endoscopy Based on Decorrelated Color Space for Esophageal Cancer. Cancers2023, 15, 4715.
Yang, K.-Y.; Fang, Y.-J.; Karmakar, R.; Mukundan, A.; Tsao, Y.-M.; Huang, C.-W.; Wang, H.-C. Assessment of Narrow Band Imaging Algorithm for Video Capsule Endoscopy Based on Decorrelated Color Space for Esophageal Cancer. Cancers 2023, 15, 4715.
Abstract
Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is increasingly used to decrease the discomfort among patients owing to its small size. However, VCE has a major drawback of not having narrow band imaging (NBI) functionality. The current VCE has the traditional white light imaging (WLI) only, which has poor performance in the computer-aided detection (CAD) of different types of cancer compared with NBI. Specific cancers, such as esophageal cancer (EC), do not exhibit any early biomarkers, making their early detection difficult. In most cases, the symptoms are unnoticeable, and EC is diagnosed only in later stages, making its 5-year survival rate below 20% on an average. NBI filters provide particular wavelengths that increase the contrast and enhance certain features of the mucosa, thereby enabling early identification of EC. However, VCE does not have a slot for NBI functionality because its size cannot be increased. Hence, NBI image conversion from WLI can be achieved only in post-processing at present. In this study, a complete arithmetic assessment of the decorrelated color space was conducted to generate NBI images from WLI images for VCE of the esophagus. Three parameters, namely, structural similarity index metric (SSIM), entropy, and peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), were used to asses the simulated NBI images. Results show the good performance of the NBI image reproduction method, with SSIM, entropy difference, and PSNR values of 93.215%, 4.360, and 28.064 dB, respectively.
Keywords
Narrow Band Imaging; Hyperspectral Imaging; Decorrelated Color Space; Video Capsule Endoscopy; Peak-Signal-to-Noise Ratio; Structural Similarity Index Metric; Entropy
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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