Maffezzini, S.; Pucci, V.; Riccardi, A.; Montemurro, S.; Puthenparampil, M.; Perini, P.; Rinaldi, F.; Gallo, P.; Arcara, G.; Mondini, S. Clinical Profiles in Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive Reserve and Motor Impairment along Disease Duration. Behav. Sci.2023, 13, 708.
Maffezzini, S.; Pucci, V.; Riccardi, A.; Montemurro, S.; Puthenparampil, M.; Perini, P.; Rinaldi, F.; Gallo, P.; Arcara, G.; Mondini, S. Clinical Profiles in Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive Reserve and Motor Impairment along Disease Duration. Behav. Sci. 2023, 13, 708.
Maffezzini, S.; Pucci, V.; Riccardi, A.; Montemurro, S.; Puthenparampil, M.; Perini, P.; Rinaldi, F.; Gallo, P.; Arcara, G.; Mondini, S. Clinical Profiles in Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive Reserve and Motor Impairment along Disease Duration. Behav. Sci.2023, 13, 708.
Maffezzini, S.; Pucci, V.; Riccardi, A.; Montemurro, S.; Puthenparampil, M.; Perini, P.; Rinaldi, F.; Gallo, P.; Arcara, G.; Mondini, S. Clinical Profiles in Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive Reserve and Motor Impairment along Disease Duration. Behav. Sci. 2023, 13, 708.
Abstract
(1) Background. Cognitive impairment in people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been studied in relation to some clinical variables (e.g., motor disability and disease duration) and lifestyle fac-tors such as Cognitive Reserve (CR). However, only very few studies have considered the interac-tion of clinical variables and cognitive reserve in preserving the integrity of the neuropsychologi-cal profile. In this paper, we hypothesised that a higher level of CR might predict good cognitive efficiency by modulating the clinical outcome of the disease. (2) Methods. A sample of 100 partic-ipants with MS (age range 30-74), was recruited and assessed remotely with a questionnaire to measure CR and a cognitive screening test. Data were analysed through Generalized Additive Models. (3) Results. We found that the model analysing the interaction between CR and disease duration, and between CR and motor disability was able to explain a significant percentage of cognitive performance. In particular, higher levels of CR predicted better cognitive performance despite long disease duration, unless the motor disability was severe. (4) Conclusion. This study highlights the crucial role of CR in modulating cognitive efficiency in people with MS.
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