Liu, Y.; Zong, W.; Diaby, M.; Lin, Z.; Wang, S.; Gao, B.; Ji, T.; Song, C. Diversity and Evolution of pogo and Tc1/mariner Transposons in the Apoidea Genomes. Biology2021, 10, 940.
Liu, Y.; Zong, W.; Diaby, M.; Lin, Z.; Wang, S.; Gao, B.; Ji, T.; Song, C. Diversity and Evolution of pogo and Tc1/mariner Transposons in the Apoidea Genomes. Biology 2021, 10, 940.
Liu, Y.; Zong, W.; Diaby, M.; Lin, Z.; Wang, S.; Gao, B.; Ji, T.; Song, C. Diversity and Evolution of pogo and Tc1/mariner Transposons in the Apoidea Genomes. Biology2021, 10, 940.
Liu, Y.; Zong, W.; Diaby, M.; Lin, Z.; Wang, S.; Gao, B.; Ji, T.; Song, C. Diversity and Evolution of pogo and Tc1/mariner Transposons in the Apoidea Genomes. Biology 2021, 10, 940.
Abstract
Bees (Apoidea), the largest and most crucial radiation of pollinators, play a vital role in ecosystem balance. Transposons are widely distributed in nature and are important drivers of species diversity. However, transposons are rarely reported in important pollinators such as bees. Here, we surveyed 37 genomes in Apoidea, annotated the pogo and Tc1/mariner transposons in the genome of each species and performed a phylogenetic analysis to determine their overall distribution. The pogo and Tc1/mariner families showed high diversity and low abundance in the 37 species, and their proportion was significantly higher in solitary bees than in social bees. DD34D/mariner was found to be distributed in almost all species and was found in Apis mellifera, Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera caucasica and Apis mellifera mellifera and Euglossa dilemma may still be active. Using horizontal transfer analysis, we found that DD30D/Tigger, DD33D/Tigger and DD34D/mariner may have experienced horizontal transfer events. The current study displayed the evolution profiles (including diversity, activity, and abundance) of the pogo and Tc1/mariner transposons across 37 species of Apoidea. Our data revealed their contributions to the genomic variations across these species and facilitated in understanding of the genome evolution of this lineage.
Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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