Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Molecular Surveillance of Artemisinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Parasites in Mining Areas of the Roraima Indigenous Territory in Brazil

Jacqueline De-Aguiar-Barros
ORCID logo ,
Fabiana Granja
ORCID logo ,
Rebecca de Abreu Fernandes
,
Lucas Tavarez de Queiroz
,
Daniel da Silva e Silva
,
Arthur Camurça Citó
ORCID logo ,
Natalia Ketrin Almeida-de-Oliveira Mocelin
,
Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro
ORCID logo ,
Maria de Fátima Ferreira-da-Cruz
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 26 April 2024 / Approved: 28 April 2024 / Online: 28 April 2024 (07:09:24 CEST)

How to cite: De-Aguiar-Barros, J.; Granja, F.; Fernandes, R.D.A.; de Queiroz, L.T.; e Silva, D.D.S.; Citó, A.C.; Mocelin, N.K.A.; Daniel-Ribeiro, C.T.; Ferreira-da-Cruz, M.D.F. Molecular Surveillance of Artemisinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Parasites in Mining Areas of the Roraima Indigenous Territory in Brazil. Preprints 2024, 2024041822. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1822.v1 De-Aguiar-Barros, J.; Granja, F.; Fernandes, R.D.A.; de Queiroz, L.T.; e Silva, D.D.S.; Citó, A.C.; Mocelin, N.K.A.; Daniel-Ribeiro, C.T.; Ferreira-da-Cruz, M.D.F. Molecular Surveillance of Artemisinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Parasites in Mining Areas of the Roraima Indigenous Territory in Brazil. Preprints 2024, 2024041822. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1822.v1

Abstract

Multidrug Artemisin-resistant (ART-R) Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) parasites represent a challenge for malaria elimination worldwide. Molecular monitoring in the Kelch domain region (pfk13) gene allows tracking mutations in parasite resistance to artemisinin. The increase of illegal miners in Roraima Yanomami indigenous land (IYL) could favor ART-R parasites. Thus, the study aimed to investigate ART-R in patients from illegal gold mining in the YIL of Roraima, Brazil. A questionnaire was applied and blood was collected from 48 patients diagnosed with P. falciparum or mixed malaria (Pf +P. vivax). The DNA was extracted and the pfk13 gene was amplified by PCR. The amplicons were subjected to DNA Sangers sequenced; the entire amplified fragment was analyzed. Among patients, 96% (46) were from illegal mining areas of the YIL. All parasite samples carried the wild-type genotypes / ART-sensitive phenotypes. These data reinforce the continued use of ACTs in Roraima as well as the maintenance of systematic monitoring for early detection of parasite populations resistant to ART, mainly in areas exposed to the individual’s influx from mining areas, such as the YIL. This is especially true when the achievement of falciparum malaria elimination in Brazil is planned and expected by 2030.

Keywords

Amazon; malaria; chemoresistance; pfk13; Guiana Shield

Subject

Public Health and Healthcare, Public, Environmental and Occupational Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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