Version 1
: Received: 26 April 2024 / Approved: 26 April 2024 / Online: 28 April 2024 (08:15:53 CEST)
How to cite:
Sarwar, A.; Aslam, B.; Rasool, M.H.; Bekhit, M.M.S.; SASANYA, J.J. Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing E. coli Co-harboring blaNMD-1 and mcr-1 in Various Sources of Food Supply Chain; Health Threat from Farm to Fork. Preprints2024, 2024041814. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1814.v1
Sarwar, A.; Aslam, B.; Rasool, M.H.; Bekhit, M.M.S.; SASANYA, J.J. Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing E. coli Co-harboring blaNMD-1 and mcr-1 in Various Sources of Food Supply Chain; Health Threat from Farm to Fork. Preprints 2024, 2024041814. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1814.v1
Sarwar, A.; Aslam, B.; Rasool, M.H.; Bekhit, M.M.S.; SASANYA, J.J. Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing E. coli Co-harboring blaNMD-1 and mcr-1 in Various Sources of Food Supply Chain; Health Threat from Farm to Fork. Preprints2024, 2024041814. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1814.v1
APA Style
Sarwar, A., Aslam, B., Rasool, M.H., Bekhit, M.M.S., & SASANYA, J.J. (2024). Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing <em>E. coli </em>Co-harboring<em> bla</em><sub>NMD-1</sub> and <em>mcr-1</em> in Various Sources of Food Supply Chain; Health Threat from Farm to Fork. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1814.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Sarwar, A., Mounir M Salem Bekhit and James Jacob SASANYA. 2024 "Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing <em>E. coli </em>Co-harboring<em> bla</em><sub>NMD-1</sub> and <em>mcr-1</em> in Various Sources of Food Supply Chain; Health Threat from Farm to Fork" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1814.v1
Abstract
Dissemination of resistant pathogens via food supply chains is a notable public health danger from farm to fork. The proposed work analysed the distribution of E. coli among various sources of animal-based food supply chain. Overall, 500 samples were heaped up from livestock, poultry sectors, environment, fisheries, and dairy. Standard microbiological procedures were used to isolate and identify E. coli. Further, isolates were confirmed by using MALDI-TOF and virulence associated genes (VAGs). The phenotypic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by molecular identification of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through PCR using specific primers. Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC) were subjected to PCR based O typing using specific primers against different O types. Overall results revealed that 154 (30.5%) samples were confirmed as E. coli, in which77 (50%) isolates were MDR E. coli. Among these, total 52 (67.53%) isolates showed array of VAGs in which 21 (40.38%) were confirmed as STEC based on stx1 and stx2. Furthermore, 12/52 (23.07%) isolates were detected as Non-O157 STEC co-harboring mcr-1 and blaNMD-1. Overall, O26 STEC was found to be the most prevalent among different non-O157 types. Herein, results proposed that detection of such STEC MDR E. coli causing serious public health consequences in developing countries.
Keywords
AMR; Food supply chain; Non-O157; MDR; STEC
Subject
Public Health and Healthcare, Public Health and Health Services
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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