Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Simple Histogram Equalization Technique Improves Performance of VGG models on Facial Emotion Recognition Datasets

Version 1 : Received: 16 April 2024 / Approved: 17 April 2024 / Online: 23 April 2024 (14:50:40 CEST)

How to cite: Chowdhury, J.H.; Liu, Q.; Ramanna, S. Simple Histogram Equalization Technique Improves Performance of VGG models on Facial Emotion Recognition Datasets. Preprints 2024, 2024041540. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1540.v1 Chowdhury, J.H.; Liu, Q.; Ramanna, S. Simple Histogram Equalization Technique Improves Performance of VGG models on Facial Emotion Recognition Datasets. Preprints 2024, 2024041540. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1540.v1

Abstract

Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) is crucial across psychology, neuroscience, computer vision, and machine learning due to the diversified and subjective nature of emotions, varying considerably across individuals, cultures, and contexts. This paper investigates the impact of histogram equalization, data augmentation and model optimization strategies on three well-known FER datasets using pre-trained VGG models. Additionally, this paper showcases the effectiveness of different regularization techniques, callbacks, and learning schedulers in enhancing model performance by conducting extensive experiments. The model evaluation is discussed in terms of the following metrics: Accuracy, Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC), Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUC-PRC), and Weighted F1 score. Notably, the fine-tuned VGG models exhibit state-of-the-art performance compared to more complex conventional transfer learning models resulting in accuracies of 100%, 95.92%, and 69.65% on the CK+, KDEF, and FER2013 datasets, respectively.

Keywords

Facial emotion recognition; Convolutional Neural Network; Histogram Equalization; Transfer Learning; VGG architecture

Subject

Computer Science and Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

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