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Type-B Energetic Processes: Their Identification and Implications
Version 1
: Received: 17 April 2024 / Approved: 18 April 2024 / Online: 18 April 2024 (13:41:38 CEST)
How to cite: LEE, J.W. Type-B Energetic Processes: Their Identification and Implications. Preprints 2024, 2024041268. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1268.v1 LEE, J.W. Type-B Energetic Processes: Their Identification and Implications. Preprints 2024, 2024041268. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1268.v1
Abstract
We have now identified two thermodynamically distinct types (A and B) of energetic processes naturally occurring on Earth. Type A energy processes such as the classical heat engines, apparently well follow the second law of thermodynamics; Type B energy processes, such as the newly discovered thermotrophic function that isothermally utilizes environmental heat energy to do useful work in driving ATP synthesis, which follows the first law of thermodynamics (conservation of mass and energy) but does not have to be constrained by the second law, owing to their special asymmetric functions. Several Type-B energy processes such as asymmetric-function-gated isothermal electricity and epicatalysis have been created through human efforts. The innovative efforts on Type-B processes to enable isothermally utilizing endless environmental heat energy could help to liberate all peoples from their dependence on fossil fuel energy, thus helping to reduce greenhouse gas CO2 emissions and control climate change towards a sustainable future for the humanity on Earth.
Keywords
Type-B energetic process; thermotrophic function; asymmetric-function-gated electricity; epicatalysis; superconductors; isothermal heat utilization; negative entropy event
Subject
Physical Sciences, Thermodynamics
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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