Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Impact of Partially Automated Driving Functions on Forensic Accident Reconstruction: A Simulator Study on Driver Reaction Behavior in the Event of a Malfunctioning System Behavior

Daniel Paula
* ORCID logo ,
Maximilian Bauder
ORCID logo ,
Claus Pfeilschifter
,
Franziska Petermeier
,
Tibor Kubjatko
,
Klaus Böhm
,
Andreas Riener
,
Hans-Georg Schweiger
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 13 November 2023 / Approved: 14 November 2023 / Online: 14 November 2023 (15:19:35 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Paula, D.; Bauder, M.; Pfeilschifter, C.; Petermeier, F.; Kubjatko, T.; Böhm, K.; Riener, A.; Schweiger, H.-G. Impact of Partially Automated Driving Functions on Forensic Accident Reconstruction: A Simulator Study on Driver Reaction Behavior in the Event of a Malfunctioning System Behavior. Sensors 2023, 23, 9785. Paula, D.; Bauder, M.; Pfeilschifter, C.; Petermeier, F.; Kubjatko, T.; Böhm, K.; Riener, A.; Schweiger, H.-G. Impact of Partially Automated Driving Functions on Forensic Accident Reconstruction: A Simulator Study on Driver Reaction Behavior in the Event of a Malfunctioning System Behavior. Sensors 2023, 23, 9785.

Abstract

Partially automated driving functions (SAE Level 2) can control a vehicle's longitudinal and lateral movements. However, taking over the driving task involves automation risks that the driver must manage. In severe accidents, the driver's ability to avoid a collision must be assessed, considering their expected reaction behavior. The primary goal of this study is to generate essential data on driver reaction behavior in case of malfunctions in partially automated driving functions for use in legal affairs. A simulator study with two scenarios involving 32 subjects was conducted for this purpose. The first scenario investigated driver reactions to system limitations during cornering. The second scenario examined driver responses to phantom braking caused by the AEBS. As a result, the first scenario shows that none of the subjects could control the situation safely. Due to partial automation, we could also identify a new part of the reaction time, the hands-on time, which leads to increased steering reaction times of 1.18 to 1.74 seconds. In the second scenario, we found that 25 of the 32 subjects could not override the phantom braking by pressing the accelerator pedal, although 16 subjects were informed about the system analog to the actual vehicle manuals. Overall, the study suggests that the current legal perspective on vehicle control and the expected driver reaction behavior for accident avoidance should be reconsidered.

Keywords

Accident analysis; partially automated driving functions; driver reaction behavior

Subject

Engineering, Automotive Engineering

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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