Version 1
: Received: 1 November 2023 / Approved: 1 November 2023 / Online: 2 November 2023 (07:48:14 CET)
How to cite:
Rahi, D.C.; Chandak, R.; Vishwakarma, A. Assessment of Metal Contamination with Seasonal Variation in Sediments of Narmada River (India) Using Pollution Indices. Preprints2023, 2023110085. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0085.v1
Rahi, D.C.; Chandak, R.; Vishwakarma, A. Assessment of Metal Contamination with Seasonal Variation in Sediments of Narmada River (India) Using Pollution Indices. Preprints 2023, 2023110085. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0085.v1
Rahi, D.C.; Chandak, R.; Vishwakarma, A. Assessment of Metal Contamination with Seasonal Variation in Sediments of Narmada River (India) Using Pollution Indices. Preprints2023, 2023110085. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0085.v1
APA Style
Rahi, D.C., Chandak, R., & Vishwakarma, A. (2023). Assessment of Metal Contamination with Seasonal Variation in Sediments of Narmada River (India) Using Pollution Indices. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0085.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Rahi, D.C., Rajeev Chandak and Amit Vishwakarma. 2023 "Assessment of Metal Contamination with Seasonal Variation in Sediments of Narmada River (India) Using Pollution Indices" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0085.v1
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the presence of metal contamination in the sediments of the Narmada River by considering seasonal variations. In this context, samples were gathered from six stations along the river in 2021–22. To assess the various metals including Li, Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, and Ni by utilizing ICP-MS. Sediment contamination was assessed by utilizing indices like contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), geo-accumulation factor (Igeo), and enrichment factor (EF). The observed order of metals concentration revealed that metals Fe>Al>Mg>Ca>Na>Cu>Zn>Co>Ni>Li. The seasonal variation reveals metals Al, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Ni exhibit the highest concentrations during the monsoon and metals Li and Co, the highest concentration in the post-monsoon, while metals Na, Mg, and Ca, exhibit their peak concentration during the pre-monsoon. The findings from CF, PLI, Igeo, and EF indicate that there were low to moderate contaminations, metal pollution exists, uncontaminated to moderate contaminations, and minor enrichment. The cluster analysis revealed the source of contamination was anthropogenic, marine, and fertilizer activities. Additionally, Correlation matrix was employed to establish connections between metals. The findings of this research are to understand the metal contamination and potential carcinogenicity in the sediment of Narmada River.
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Environmental Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
