Hwang, H.; Joe, I. Enhancing IoT Connectivity and Services for Worldwide Ships through Multi-Region Fog Cloud Architecture Platforms. Electronics2023, 12, 4250.
Hwang, H.; Joe, I. Enhancing IoT Connectivity and Services for Worldwide Ships through Multi-Region Fog Cloud Architecture Platforms. Electronics 2023, 12, 4250.
Hwang, H.; Joe, I. Enhancing IoT Connectivity and Services for Worldwide Ships through Multi-Region Fog Cloud Architecture Platforms. Electronics2023, 12, 4250.
Hwang, H.; Joe, I. Enhancing IoT Connectivity and Services for Worldwide Ships through Multi-Region Fog Cloud Architecture Platforms. Electronics 2023, 12, 4250.
Abstract
As technologies such as eco-friendly ships, electric propulsion vessels, and multi-fuel propulsion systems advance, the scope of IoT applications in maritime field is expanding, resulting in increased complexity in control factors. The gradual progression towards Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) is further driving the evolution of ship-based IoT applications. These advancements underscore the necessity for a platform capable of ensuring reliable connectivity between ships and onshore, while also being adaptable for deployment and operation to meet the demands of service availability. The limitations of the existing single cloud architecture become evident in this context. In response to these emerging challenges, this paper presents a cloud-based horizontal data platform structure anchored in the architecture of a Multi-Region Fog Cloud. This approach is tailored to fulfill the crucial requirement of maintaining robust and seamless connectivity for vessels navigating globally. Leveraging the capabilities of the Fog Cloud, the platform enhances service responsiveness by facilitating localized data collection and distribution, complemented by efficient data caching from the Cloud Center, serving users within the same geographical region. We outline a strategic framework for enhancing and executing key ship services within the proposed architecture. These services encompass data sharing between ships to elevate collision avoidance, disseminating weather data for optimized route planning, and constructing an operator training simulator (OTS) environment through the integration of digital twin technology. After, we implement an architecture using the AWS Cloud and gauges latency and Packet Loss Rate (PLR) through connections to Seoul, California, and Frankfurt regions. The test results reveal that latency in different regions is about 2-5 times higher than that in the same region for the payload. Furthermore, packet loss occurred at roughly 2-3 Hz packet generation rate (PGR) in different regions, whereas in the same region, it commenced at approximately 10-20 Hz PGR.
Keywords
Multi-Region Fog Cloud; Ship Multi-Service Platform; Internet of Things (IoT); Collision Avoidance; Automatic Identification System (AIS); Operator Training Simulator (OTS); AWS Cloud
Subject
Computer Science and Mathematics, Computer Networks and Communications
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
