Lee, S.-H.; Na, H.-S.; Lee, K.-W.; Lee, J.-Y.; Kang, C.Y. Effect of Austenite-to-Ferrite Phase Transformation at Grain Boundaries on PWHT Cracking Susceptibility in CGHAZ of T23 Steel. Metals2018, 8, 416.
Lee, S.-H.; Na, H.-S.; Lee, K.-W.; Lee, J.-Y.; Kang, C.Y. Effect of Austenite-to-Ferrite Phase Transformation at Grain Boundaries on PWHT Cracking Susceptibility in CGHAZ of T23 Steel. Metals 2018, 8, 416.
Lee, S.-H.; Na, H.-S.; Lee, K.-W.; Lee, J.-Y.; Kang, C.Y. Effect of Austenite-to-Ferrite Phase Transformation at Grain Boundaries on PWHT Cracking Susceptibility in CGHAZ of T23 Steel. Metals2018, 8, 416.
Lee, S.-H.; Na, H.-S.; Lee, K.-W.; Lee, J.-Y.; Kang, C.Y. Effect of Austenite-to-Ferrite Phase Transformation at Grain Boundaries on PWHT Cracking Susceptibility in CGHAZ of T23 Steel. Metals 2018, 8, 416.
Abstract
The post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) cracking susceptibility of a coarse grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) in SA213-T23 (2.25Cr-1.6W steel), used for boiler tubes employed in thermal power plants, was investigated using a Gleeble thermal cycle simulator. The PWHT cracking susceptibility test was performed at 650℃, 700℃ and 750℃, and it can be judged that the lower the reduce of area, the more susceptible it is to PWHT cracking. The results of the test also showed higher cracking susceptibility at 650℃ and 700℃, mostly involving intergranular fracture, while at 750℃, transgranular fracture was exhibited. Therefore, the PWHT cracking susceptibility is considered to be closely related to grain boundary. The microstructure of the simulated CGHAZ and PWHT at 650℃, 700℃and 750℃ was observed after etching with nital and alkaline sodium picrate etchants. Alkaline sodium picrate etched microstructures showed a white band at the grain boundary at 650℃, 700℃ and 750, that did not appear in nital etching. Analysis of the white band using EPMA, TEM and nanoindentation revealed that it was intergranular ferrite depleted with C, W and Cr as compared to that in the matrix. Based on these results, we investigated the mechanism of intergranular ferrite formation during PWHT and its effect on PWHT cracking susceptibility at 650℃, 700℃ and 750℃.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Metals, Alloys and Metallurgy
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
