Reply to León et al. (2024): Interpretation and Use of In-Field Diagnostics for High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Antarctica– A Cautionary Tale

Michelle Wille; Ralph E. T. Vanstreels; Marcela Uhart; Scott Reid; Meagan Dewar; Ashley C Banyard

doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1498.v1

Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Version 1 : Received: 22 April 2024 / Approved: 23 April 2024 / Online: 23 April 2024 (05:30:40 CEST)

High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b continues to have a substantial impact on wildlife, globally. A recent study has described the putative detection of HPAI in clinically healthy penguins, and those which were fitted with satellite tags reportedly engaged in apparently normal foraging behaviour in the months following sample collection. Herein we investigate the diagnostic approach utilised, and reveal that while the authors likely did detect subtype H5 influenza A virus, the most parsimonious conclusion is that they detected low pathogenicity H5 rather than HPAI H5N1. In response, we have provided an overview key considerations when selecting a diagnostic and outline published diagnostic assays that should be considered for future studies.

avian influenza; LPAI; HPAI; high pathogenicity avian influenza; panguins; Antarctica

Biology and Life Sciences, Virology

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Reply to León et al. (2024): Interpretation and Use of In-Field Diagnostics for High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Antarctica– A Cautionary Tale

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