Sanchis-Pascual, D.; Del Olmo-García, M.I.; Prado-Wohlwend, S.; Zac-Romero, C.; Segura Huerta, Á.; Hernández-Gil, J.; Martí-Bonmatí, L.; Merino-Torres, J.F. CXCR4: From Signaling to Clinical Applications in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Cancers2024, 16, 1799.
Sanchis-Pascual, D.; Del Olmo-García, M.I.; Prado-Wohlwend, S.; Zac-Romero, C.; Segura Huerta, Á.; Hernández-Gil, J.; Martí-Bonmatí, L.; Merino-Torres, J.F. CXCR4: From Signaling to Clinical Applications in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Cancers 2024, 16, 1799.
Sanchis-Pascual, D.; Del Olmo-García, M.I.; Prado-Wohlwend, S.; Zac-Romero, C.; Segura Huerta, Á.; Hernández-Gil, J.; Martí-Bonmatí, L.; Merino-Torres, J.F. CXCR4: From Signaling to Clinical Applications in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Cancers2024, 16, 1799.
Sanchis-Pascual, D.; Del Olmo-García, M.I.; Prado-Wohlwend, S.; Zac-Romero, C.; Segura Huerta, Á.; Hernández-Gil, J.; Martí-Bonmatí, L.; Merino-Torres, J.F. CXCR4: From Signaling to Clinical Applications in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Cancers 2024, 16, 1799.
Abstract
There are several well-described molecular mechanisms that influence cell growth and are relat-ed to the development of cancer. Chemokines constitute a fundamental element which are not only involved in local growth but also affect angiogenesis, tumor spread and metastatic disease. Among them, the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) and its specific receptor the chemo-kine C-X-C motif receptor 4 (CXCR4) have been widely studied. The overexpression in cell mem-branes of CXCR4 has been shown to be associated with the development of different kinds of his-tological malignancies, such as adenocarcinomas, epidermoid carcinomas, mesenchymal tumors or neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). The molecular synapsis between CXCL12 and CXCR4 leads to the interaction of G proteins and activation of different intracellular signaling pathways in both gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) and bronchopulmonary (BP) NENs conferring greater ca-pacity for locoregional aggressiveness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the ap-pearance of metastases. Therefore, it has been hypothesized how to design tools that target this receptor. The aim of this review is to focus on current knowledge of the relationship between CXCR4 and NENs, with a special emphasis on diagnostic and therapeutic molecular targets.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Endocrinology and Metabolism
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