Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Virtual Hemodynamic Assessment of Coronary Lesions: The Advent of Functional Angiography and Coronary Imaging

Sotirios Nikopoulos
* ORCID logo ,
Michael Papafaklis
ORCID logo ,
Panagiota Tsompou
,
Panagiotis K Siogkas
ORCID logo ,
Antonis I. Sakellarios
ORCID logo ,
Spyros Sioros
,
Dimitrios I. Fotiadis
,
Katerina K Naka
,
Dimitrios N Nikas
ORCID logo ,
Lampros K Michalis
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 21 March 2024 / Approved: 22 March 2024 / Online: 22 March 2024 (11:52:16 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Nikopoulos, S.; Papafaklis, M.I.; Tsompou, P.; Sakellarios, A.; Siogkas, P.; Sioros, S.; Fotiadis, D.I.; Katsouras, C.S.; Naka, K.K.; Nikas, D.; Michalis, L. Virtual Hemodynamic Assessment of Coronary Lesions: The Advent of Functional Angiography and Coronary Imaging. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 2243. Nikopoulos, S.; Papafaklis, M.I.; Tsompou, P.; Sakellarios, A.; Siogkas, P.; Sioros, S.; Fotiadis, D.I.; Katsouras, C.S.; Naka, K.K.; Nikas, D.; Michalis, L. Virtual Hemodynamic Assessment of Coronary Lesions: The Advent of Functional Angiography and Coronary Imaging. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 2243.

Abstract

Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is well recognized as a gold standard measure for the estimation of functional coronary stenosis. Technological progressions in image processing have empowered the reconstruction of three-dimensional models of the coronary arteries via both non-invasive imaging modalities, such as Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA), and invasive coronary angiography or intravascular imaging. The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to coronary 3D anatomical models allows the virtual evaluation of the hemodynamic significance of a coronary lesion with high diagnostic accuracy in comparison to the invasive FFR using pressure wires. These opportunities providing hemodynamic information based on anatomy have given rise to a new era of functional angiography and coronary imaging. However, further validations are needed to overcome several scientific and computational challenges before these methods are applied in everyday clinical practice. This review aims to present all the data on the studies and methodologies that have been presented for the virtual estimation of FFR, and the diagnostic execution of the virtual tools for the hemodynamic assessment of coronary lesions compared to the invasive FFR.

Keywords

Cardiovascular disease; Three-dimensional reconstruction; Virtual functional assessment; Medical imaging; Angiography; Computational fluid dynamics

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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